National Cancer Institute (nci)

This study tested a new cell therapy for adults whose B-cell blood cancers (like leukemia or lymphoma) came back or never fully went away after a donor stem cell transplant. Researchers collected immune cells from the original transplant donor, genetically engineered them to bett…

This early-stage study tested a combination of two drugs, veliparib and temozolomide, in adults with acute leukemias that had returned or were hard to treat. The main goal was to find the highest dose patients could safely tolerate. Researchers also wanted to see if the drug comb…

This study tested whether a drug called trametinib was better than standard treatments at controlling recurrent low-grade ovarian or peritoneal cancer. It involved 260 patients whose cancer had returned or worsened after prior chemotherapy. Participants were randomly assigned to …

This study tested whether combining two cancer drugs, cetuximab and sorafenib, works better than using cetuximab alone for people with advanced head and neck cancer that has returned or spread. Fifty-five participants were randomly assigned to receive either the combination or th…

This study tested whether adding the drug bevacizumab to standard immunotherapy (ipilimumab) could help patients with advanced melanoma live longer. It involved 169 adults whose cancer could not be removed by surgery. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either the sing…

This early-stage trial tested a new drug called Z-Endoxifen in adults whose hormone-linked cancers had stopped responding to standard treatments. The study aimed to find a safe daily dose and see if the drug could slow or stop tumor growth. It involved 40 people with specific can…

This large study tested whether adding a special antibody drug after surgery could help prevent colon cancer from returning. Over 2,100 patients who had their stage II colon cancer surgically removed were randomly assigned to either receive the antibody treatment or just be obser…

This early-stage study tested a new oral drug called TdCyd in adults with advanced solid tumors that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goals were to find a safe dose and see how the drug works in the body. Researchers hoped the drug might slow tumor growth b…

This early-stage study aimed to find the safest dose of two drugs, sapanisertib and ziv-aflibercept, when given together to patients with advanced solid tumors that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to understand the side effects and determine the h…

This study aimed to see if adding the drug bortezomib to a standard two-drug combination (ofatumumab and bendamustine) was more effective for people newly diagnosed with a type of slow-growing blood cancer called follicular lymphoma. It involved 135 patients with high-risk diseas…

This early-stage study tested the safety of combining two cancer drugs, bortezomib and clofarabine, in adults with advanced solid tumors, lymphomas, or blood disorders that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to find the highest dose patients could to…

This trial tested a new type of treatment for cancers caused by HPV-16, including cervical, throat, and anal cancers. Doctors took a patient's own immune cells, genetically modified them in a lab to better recognize and attack cancer cells, and then infused them back into the pat…

This study tested whether the drug ibrutinib could be used as the first treatment for people newly diagnosed with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), a serious complication where donor cells attack the body after a stem cell transplant. The goal was to see if starting with…

This study tested a new, highly focused type of radiation for men whose prostate cancer returned after previous radiation treatment. The goal was to find the safest, most effective dose of this 5-session treatment, called stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Researchers al…

This study tested if adding an immunotherapy drug called atezolizumab to the standard treatment of chemotherapy and radiation could better control advanced cervical cancer that had spread to lymph nodes. The goal was to see if the drug could help the patient's own immune system a…

This study tested a new type of personalized cell therapy for children and young adults whose leukemia or lymphoma had come back or did not respond to standard treatments. Researchers collected a patient's own immune cells, genetically modified them in a lab to recognize a protei…

This study tested a personalized cell therapy for metastatic melanoma, a serious skin cancer. Researchers compared the standard treatment—using a patient's own tumor-fighting white blood cells after chemotherapy—to the same treatment with added total body radiation. The goal was …

This large, completed study tested whether adding an immunotherapy drug (atezolizumab) to a standard three-drug combination could better control advanced HER2-positive breast cancer that had spread. It involved 190 patients who were randomly assigned to receive either the new fou…

This large, completed Phase 3 trial tested whether adding a combination of immunotherapy drugs to standard chemotherapy improved outcomes for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. The study involved 1,449 young patients who had already undergone intensive treatment, including a …

This early-stage study tested the safety of combining two drugs, Durvalumab and Vicineum, for people with a specific type of bladder cancer. The cancer was high-grade, had not spread into the bladder muscle, and had come back after standard BCG treatment. The goal was to see if t…

This large, completed study tested whether adding a targeted drug (erlotinib) to standard chemotherapy, or adding radiation therapy after chemotherapy, could help patients live longer after surgery for pancreatic cancer. It involved 546 adults whose pancreatic tumors were surgica…

This study tested whether combining two, three, or four different immunotherapy drugs could help control advanced prostate cancer that had stopped responding to standard hormone therapy. The trial enrolled 59 adults with this type of cancer or other advanced solid tumors. Researc…

This study tested whether the drug pomalidomide could help control chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in people who didn't respond to standard steroid treatments. GvHD is a serious complication that can occur after a stem cell transplant, where the donor's immune cells atta…

This early-stage trial tested whether combining two cancer drugs—nilotinib and paclitaxel—is safe for people with advanced solid tumors that haven't responded to standard treatments. Researchers enrolled 47 adults and some teenagers to find the highest dose that could be given sa…

This study tested if a new type of treatment called immunotherapy could work better than standard chemotherapy for adults newly diagnosed with a specific, aggressive form of brain cancer (glioblastoma) that does not respond well to usual drugs. Patients received either the standa…

This study tested if a drug called palifermin, given before a stem cell transplant, could make the procedure safer and more effective. It involved 34 adults with blood cancers who received stem cells from an unrelated, matched donor. The main goals were to find a safe dose and se…

This study tested whether adding one of two new drugs (veliparib or pembrolizumab) to standard chemotherapy and radiation could better shrink rectal tumors before surgery. It involved 363 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer that had not spread to distant organs. The goal…

This early-stage trial tested a new combination of two immune-based drugs, lenalidomide and blinatumomab, for adults with non-Hodgkin lymphoma that has come back or stopped responding to other treatments. The main goal was to find the safest dose and understand the side effects. …

This study tested an oral drug called Minnelide for adults with a rare and aggressive form of pancreatic cancer (adenosquamous carcinoma) that had stopped responding to prior treatments. The goal was to see if the drug could control the cancer's growth. Participants took the drug…

This study tested whether a shorter course of a specific chemotherapy combination (EPOCH-R) could effectively control a type of lymphoma in people with HIV. The goal was to see if stopping treatment soon after the cancer went into remission could still keep it away for at least a…

This trial tested if adding a newer immunotherapy drug (durvalumab) to radiation therapy works better than the standard combination of radiation with an older drug (cetuximab). It was for patients with advanced head and neck cancer who could not safely take the usual chemotherapy…

This study tested the safety of giving a second course of radiation to people whose aggressive brain tumor (glioblastoma) had grown back after initial treatment. The main goal was to find the highest dose of repeat radiation that patients could tolerate without severe side effect…

This early-stage study tested the safety of adding a new oral drug, entinostat, to a standard three-drug regimen for aggressive lung cancer that has spread. The main goal was to find the highest safe dose of this four-drug combination and check for side effects in a very small gr…

This early-stage study tested the safety and effectiveness of a new three-drug combination (VVIP) for adults with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas that had returned or not responded to prior treatments. The goal was to find the highest safe dose and see if the treatment could mak…

This study tested whether the drug cabozantinib could help control advanced endometrial cancer that had returned or spread. It involved 102 women whose cancer had progressed after prior chemotherapy. The drug works by trying to cut off the tumor's blood supply and block signals t…

This early-stage study tested a new combination of three immune-boosting drugs (IL-15, nivolumab, and ipilimumab) in adults with advanced cancers that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to find the safest dose and understand the side effects of using…

This study tested two oral drugs, sunitinib and cediranib, to see if they could control a rare and aggressive cancer called metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS). The trial involved 34 patients whose cancer had spread and was getting worse, and who had not tried this type …

This study tested a type of internal radiation treatment called high-dose-rate brachytherapy for several cancers, including cervical, prostate, and breast cancer. Researchers placed temporary radiation sources directly into or near tumors to deliver a strong, focused dose. The ma…

This study tested a new, shorter radiation schedule for men whose prostate cancer returns after surgery. Researchers wanted to see if delivering radiation in 2 to 4 weeks, instead of the usual 6 to 7, was safe and caused manageable side effects. They also tested a more targeted a…

This early-stage trial tested the safety of combining a new oral drug, navtemadlin, with standard radiation therapy before surgery for soft tissue sarcoma. The goal was to see if this combination could shrink tumors more effectively, potentially allowing surgeons to remove less h…

This early-stage study tested the safety and best dose of a three-drug combination (gemcitabine, carboplatin, and lenalidomide) for patients with advanced bladder cancer and other solid tumors that had spread and were not responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to se…

This study tested a specialized pump implanted in the body to deliver chemotherapy drugs directly into the liver's main artery. The goal was to see if this targeted approach could better control colorectal cancer that had spread to the liver. It involved 24 adult patients who had…

This study tested whether adding one or two extra drugs (carboplatin and/or bevacizumab) to standard chemotherapy given before surgery could better shrink tumors in patients with a specific type of breast cancer. It involved 454 patients with hormone receptor-poor, HER2-negative …

This study tested a combination of two drugs, olaparib and ramucirumab, for people with advanced stomach or esophageal junction cancers that had spread, returned, or could not be removed by surgery. The main goals were to find a safe dose and see if the combination could shrink t…

This early-phase trial tested a new personalized therapy for advanced gastrointestinal and other cancers driven by a specific genetic flaw called RAS G12D. Researchers collected a patient's own immune cells, genetically modified them in a lab to recognize and attack cancer cells …

This early-stage trial tested the safety of combining radiation therapy with one or two new immunotherapy drugs for patients with a specific type of advanced lung cancer. The study involved 26 adults whose cancer had spread locally but not to distant organs and who had high level…

This early-stage study tested whether a combination of four existing drugs could be safely given to adults with rare T-cell cancers that had returned or stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to find the safest dose and understand the side effects. Researche…

This study aimed to find the safest dose for using two existing cancer drugs, dasatinib and bevacizumab, together. It involved 50 adults with advanced solid tumors that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to understand the side effects of this drug co…

This completed Phase 3 trial tested whether adding the targeted drug trastuzumab (Herceptin) to standard treatment improves outcomes for people with a specific type of esophageal cancer (HER2-positive). The standard treatment involved chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Researc…

This early-phase study tested the safety and best dose of two antibody drugs, magrolimab and dinutuximab, given together to children and young adults whose neuroblastoma or osteosarcoma had come back or stopped responding to other treatments. The main goal was to see if the combi…

This early-stage trial tested whether two experimental drugs, FdCyd and THU, could be safely given as pills to people with advanced solid tumors that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to find the highest dose patients could tolerate without severe s…

This early-stage study tested a new immune therapy for children and young adults whose solid tumors did not respond to standard treatments. Doctors collected and grew a patient's own 'natural killer' (NK) immune cells, then gave them back to the patient to fight the cancer. The m…

This study tested a new, non-invasive method to detect COVID-19 by analyzing chemicals in sweat from a person's fingerprints. Researchers used a special camera to scan the fingers of 66 adults who had recently tested positive or negative for COVID-19. The goal was to see if patte…

This study aimed to find the best way to prevent ovarian cancer in women at high genetic risk. It compared two approaches: preventive surgery to remove the ovaries and fallopian tubes, or close monitoring with a special blood test (CA-125) and ultrasounds. Researchers followed wo…

This study tested whether starting treatment early could prevent a pre-cancerous blood condition called smoldering multiple myeloma from turning into active cancer. It enrolled 55 adults at high risk of progression and gave them a combination of three drugs (carfilzomib, lenalido…

This study tested whether using virtual reality (VR) relaxation could help reduce psychological distress and anxiety in adults with primary brain tumors. Researchers mailed VR headsets to 61 participants to use at home, focusing on the stressful time around their medical appointm…

This study tested whether a 12-week home exercise program could help improve memory and attention in children who had radiation therapy for a brain tumor. Researchers enrolled 36 children, ages 8 to 17, who were at least one year past treatment and had reported thinking or memory…

This study aimed to better understand four rare genetic disorders that affect the body's ability to repair DNA damage: xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), Cockayne syndrome (CS), trichothiodystrophy (TTD), and related overlap conditions. Researchers followed 709 patients and healthy volu…

This study aimed to gather information to better understand rare brain and spine tumors. Researchers collected health surveys and saliva samples from 326 adult participants who had been diagnosed with one of these rare cancers. The goal was to learn about risk factors, treatment …

This study aimed to see if new types of medical scans could better detect when early, pre-cancerous blood conditions progress to full multiple myeloma, a serious blood cancer. Researchers compared three different imaging techniques in 31 people diagnosed with either the early con…

This study aimed to save time for cancer patients by checking their genetic markers and other characteristics before they went through full screening for a clinical trial. Researchers tested blood or cheek swabs from 8 adults being considered for National Cancer Institute studies…

This small study tested whether PET-CT scans, a type of imaging, can help predict how well patients with hard-to-treat leukemia will respond to CAR T-cell therapy. Researchers scanned 10 patients before and after their cell therapy to see if cancer hiding outside the bone marrow …

This study tested whether smartphones and smartwatches could be used to reliably measure symptoms like fatigue and changes in activity in cancer patients. Researchers enrolled 49 adults with various cancers who were already receiving treatment. They used iPhones and Apple Watches…

This study followed over 30,000 people in China for years after they took part in trials testing vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent stomach and esophageal cancer. The goal was to see if the health benefits from the supplements lasted after people stopped taking them and t…

This study aimed to find genes that might explain why some people with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) have more serious medical problems than others. Researchers enrolled 313 people with NF1 and their family members to collect health information, images, and blood samples. The go…

This study aimed to find better ways to spot when benign tumors turn cancerous in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Researchers tested a new type of scan (FLT-PET) and genetic analysis on tumor samples from a small group of participants. The goal was to learn if these t…

This study aimed to gather feedback on how to adapt a mindful self-compassion program for young adults living with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), a genetic condition that greatly increases cancer risk. A small group of participants attended a demonstration of the program and shared …

This study aimed to understand why patients with the same type of blood cancer, like lymphoma or leukemia, can have very different outcomes. Researchers analyzed the genes in old tissue samples from 1,340 patients to see if they could find patterns that predict how the disease wi…

This study aimed to develop a new blood test to better predict if ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer will come back after successful treatment. Researchers collected blood samples from 119 women whose cancer was in remission to look for specific patterns of proteins th…

This study looked at old medical records to learn about viral infections in people who received bone marrow transplants. Researchers reviewed the records of 730 patients who had transplants between 2010 and 2015. The goal was to understand how often these infections happen and wh…

This study aimed to better understand why some families have a very high risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Researchers followed 377 adults from families with a strong history of these cancers, collecting health information, surveys, and biological samples like blood. The goal wa…

This study aimed to better understand brain and spinal cord tumors by observing over 1,200 adult patients over time. Researchers collected medical information, scans, and tissue samples to learn how these cancers progress and to identify areas for future treatment research. The s…

This large study aimed to understand how genetics influence a person's risk of developing esophageal and certain stomach cancers. Researchers collected and analyzed thousands of tissue and blood samples from patients and healthy individuals in China. The goal was to find genetic …

This study aimed to understand the side effects of radiation therapy on children and young adults with brain tumors. Researchers followed 76 patients under age 21 for up to 5 years, collecting blood, urine, and MRI scans to measure biological changes. The goal was to learn how ra…

This study aimed to understand why testicular cancer sometimes runs in families. Researchers enrolled 749 people from families with at least two cases of the disease. They collected blood samples, medical histories, and conducted some physical exams to look for genetic links and …

This study aimed to understand if exposure to pesticides increases a child's risk of developing leukemia. Researchers compared 629 children in California, collecting dust samples from their homes and mapping nearby farms to measure pesticide levels. The goal was to see if living …

This study aimed to understand how radiation treatment for brain tumors affects patients' thinking skills like memory and attention. Researchers tested 35 adults with cancer that had spread to the brain before and after standard radiation therapy. They tracked whether changes in …

This completed study analyzed leftover tissue samples from lymphoma patients to understand how proteins in cancer cells are organized and modified. Researchers examined up to 300 samples using laboratory tests to identify patterns that might help explain how lymphomas develop and…

This study aimed to understand why farmers have higher rates of certain blood cancers. Researchers collected blood and urine samples from nearly 2,000 cancer-free male farmers over age 50 to look for early warning signs. They compared these signs to the farmers' pesticide use his…

This study tested whether a document called 'Voicing My CHOiCES' helps young adults with cancer or other serious illnesses plan for their future care. Researchers wanted to see if using the document reduced anxiety, improved communication with loved ones, and increased acceptance…

This study aimed to find better ways to screen for breast cancer in women at high genetic risk due to BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes. It enrolled 200 women to compare different screening tests, including mammograms, breast MRIs, and a procedure to collect fluid from the breast ducts…

This study aimed to discover why esophageal cancer is so common in a specific region of Iran. Researchers enrolled 50,000 adults to track their health over time, collecting information on their diet, lifestyle, and environment. The goal was to identify risk factors to help preven…

This study collected blood and tumor tissue samples from 64 patients with advanced cancers to build a research library. The goal was to understand why cancers stop responding to treatments and to find better ways to match future patients with effective therapies. Samples were tak…

This study aimed to understand the natural growth of benign skin tumors in adults with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Researchers tracked 17 participants over two years, using detailed photography and skin biopsies to measure how fast tumors grow and what genes might be involved…

This study explored whether artificial intelligence (AI) could be trained to detect and classify pain in cancer patients by analyzing their facial expressions and voice patterns. Researchers enrolled 83 people aged 12 and older who were undergoing cancer treatment. Over three mon…

This study aimed to collect and store biological samples from thousands of tin miners in China who are at very high risk for lung cancer. The goal was to create a 'biobank' of samples to help researchers find early warning signs of the disease and understand what causes it. Parti…

This study aimed to gather information to better understand the links between specific gene changes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) and a harder-to-treat type of breast cancer in Hispanic/Latina women. Researchers collected saliva samples and health history questionnaires from 266 women who ha…

This study aimed to better understand rare forms of stomach cancer that run in families. Researchers gathered health information and genetic samples from 733 people with a personal or family history of these cancers. The goal was to learn how specific gene changes lead to disease…

This study aimed to understand why women with dense breast tissue on mammograms have a higher risk of breast cancer. Researchers enrolled 466 women aged 40-65 who were scheduled for a breast biopsy. They collected tissue samples, health data, and tracked participants' health for …