CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

This study tests whether spermidine, a natural substance found in foods like soy and aged cheese, can improve heart and muscle health in elderly people with coronary artery disease. 180 participants aged 65 and older will receive either spermidine capsules or a placebo for a peri…

This study explores whether combining a high-protein Mediterranean diet with resistance exercise can help people with heart disease build muscle and lower their risk of future heart problems. The trial enrolls adults who have completed cardiac rehab and may have low muscle mass w…

This study tested a coaching program called MACRO-I for adults aged 70 and older who had a heart event. The program used coaches to guide patients through starting cardiac rehab, either at a center, at home, or a mix of both. 416 participants were split into the coaching group or…

This early-phase study tested a new drug called Kylo-11 in 71 healthy adults with high levels of Lp(a), a genetic risk factor for heart disease. The main goal was to check safety and how the drug moves through the body. Researchers gave single doses at different levels to see if …

This study tested a new oral drug called ralinepag in 687 adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a serious lung condition that makes the heart work harder. Participants took ralinepag or a placebo on top of their usual PAH medications. The main goal was to see if rali…

This completed study tested whether eating more fruits and vegetables or taking sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) tablets can slow the progression of chronic kidney disease and reduce heart risks in people with high blood pressure and kidney damage. 108 non-diabetic adults with st…

This study tested whether reducing dietary acid with fruits and vegetables or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) can slow chronic kidney disease in people with high blood pressure. 153 participants were followed for 5 years to measure kidney function and heart risk markers. The goa…

This study tested a procedure called renal denervation, which uses radiofrequency energy to calm overactive nerves in the kidneys, to see if it can safely lower blood pressure in people whose hypertension is not controlled by up to three medications. The study involved 337 partic…

This study tests whether a supplement made from seaweed, called rhamnan sulfate, can improve blood vessel function in middle-aged and older adults who have at least one risk factor for heart disease (like high blood pressure or obesity). Participants take the supplement or a plac…

This study tested whether a stricter blood pressure goal (below 135/85) after a pregnancy complicated by high blood pressure is better than the usual care (below 150/100). About 60 new mothers were enrolled and followed for six months. The goal is to see if tighter control is pos…

This completed pilot study tested whether eating watermelon can lower blood pressure in adults with pre-hypertension. 39 healthy overweight adults ate either 1 cup, 2 cups of watermelon, or a control (Italian ice) daily for 4 weeks. Researchers measured 24-hour blood pressure and…

This completed study tested a new device called the Supernova stent retriever in 55 people with severe stroke caused by a large blood clot in the brain. The device is threaded through blood vessels to grab and remove the clot, restoring blood flow. Researchers measured how often …

This study looked at whether a 16-week strength training program can prevent or reduce late effects like muscle loss, heart disease, and diabetes in adults who had a bone marrow transplant as children. 28 survivors and a matched control group participated. The goal was to see if …

This study tested whether using social networks (like family and friends) can help people at high risk for stroke stick to their medications and control risk factors after leaving the hospital. Researchers enrolled 720 patients and compared standard care with a social network-bas…

This study tested whether colchicine, a drug used for gout, can reduce inflammation in the arteries of people with diabetes who recently had a heart attack or stroke. Researchers used a special PET scan to measure inflammation in the blood vessels. 115 participants were randomly …

This study tested a once-daily pill called orforglipron against insulin glargine in nearly 2,750 adults with type 2 diabetes, obesity or overweight, and increased cardiovascular risk. The main goal was to see if orforglipron could reduce major heart events like heart attacks or s…

This study tested a digital quality improvement program to help doctors better manage LDL (bad) cholesterol in patients with heart disease. Over 1,400 adults with established cardiovascular disease participated. The program used smartphone tools to improve treatment and follow gu…

This study tested whether drinking unsweetened soymilk every day can lower cholesterol in adults with high levels. Twenty-five participants drank two bottles (750 mL total) daily for 8 weeks. Researchers measured cholesterol and other health markers to see if the soymilk helped i…

This study tested a weight management program for young adult cancer survivors (ages 18-39) who have obesity and are within 5 years of finishing cancer treatment. The program combined healthy eating, physical activity, and symptom management to help reduce cardiovascular disease …

This study looked at how different amounts of aerobic exercise affect blood flow and fitness in 115 people with heart disease. Participants joined a cardiac rehab program and were monitored for changes in skin blood flow and oxygen use during exercise. The goal is to find the mos…

This completed study tested two strategies to reduce bleeding and artery blockage after a common heart procedure. 451 patients received either a standard or lower dose of heparin and a different compression band. The goal was to see if the new approach could shorten recovery and …

This study looked at whether a Mediterranean diet and increased physical activity could improve heart health in 150 breast cancer survivors taking hormone therapy. Participants received counseling on diet and exercise over three months. Researchers measured changes in waist size,…

This study tested whether daily text messages with specific behavior change techniques could help sedentary adults at risk for cardiovascular disease walk an extra 1,000 steps per day. Over 600 participants received messages focused on goal setting, action planning, self-monitori…

This completed trial tested a new, noninvasive device that uses focused ultrasound to destroy a small amount of fat around the kidney. The goal was to lower blood pressure in people with mild hypertension who were not taking medication. 79 participants were randomly assigned to r…

This study tested a virtual world-based cardiac rehabilitation program called 'Destination Cardiac Rehab' against traditional center-based rehab. Over 2,800 adults with heart conditions participated to see if the virtual program could match or beat in-person rehab in improving he…

This study tested a 12-week walking program for 140 chronic stroke survivors. The program combined robotic-assisted walking with regular walking exercises. The goal was to improve walking ability, help with weight management, and lower blood pressure. Researchers wanted to find t…

This study tested whether intensive dental cleaning and oral hygiene advice can improve gum health and also affect markers of heart disease and type 2 diabetes. About 200 adults with gum disease and either heart disease or diabetes (or prediabetes) took part. Researchers measured…

This Phase 3 study tested a drug called olezarsen in 1,478 people with very high triglycerides (a type of blood fat) and either heart disease or a high risk for it. Participants received either olezarsen or a placebo as a shot under the skin. The main goal was to see if olezarsen…

This study tested a nurse-guided phone program for 500 recent stroke patients in Ghana to help them manage their blood pressure at home. The program included home blood pressure monitoring, medication reminders, and education on heart health. The goal was to see if this approach …

This study tested whether common blood pressure medications (ACE inhibitors or ARBs) could improve outcomes for high-risk COVID-19 patients. Researchers enrolled 372 adults with confirmed COVID-19 who were either over 40 (outpatients) or over 18 (hospitalized). The goal was to se…

This study tested a very small balloon catheter (Sapphire 3) in 170 people with severely blocked heart arteries (chronic total occlusions). The balloon was used to open the blockage before placing a stent. The main goal was to see if the device could be safely delivered, inflated…

This study tested whether monthly text messages with heart-health tips could help people who had a heart attack better control their risk factors and avoid future heart problems. 370 participants received either usual care or usual care plus text messages for one year. The goal w…

This study tested whether a drug called alirocumab, which lowers cholesterol, can reduce heart disease risk in people with HIV. The trial involved 118 adults aged 40 and older with well-controlled HIV and high heart disease risk. Participants received either alirocumab or a place…

This study tested whether a Fitbit activity tracker combined with virtual health coaching could help people on weight loss medications (GLP-1/GIP) become more active. Fifteen participants wore a Fitbit and had up to six coaching sessions over 12 weeks. The main goal was to see if…

This study looked at the SAPIEN XT heart valve, which is placed through a thin tube (catheter) to fix a failed valve in the heart's right ventricle. Researchers wanted to confirm it is safe and works well. They enrolled 57 people with a narrowed or leaky heart valve conduit. The …

This completed trial tested whether taking two blood thinners (clopidogrel and aspirin) for 12 months after a heart stent procedure is better than aspirin alone for people with multiple blocked coronary arteries. Over 8,000 patients were enrolled across 100 centers. The main goal…

This Phase 2 trial tested the drug tovinontrine (CRD-750) against a placebo in 557 adults with chronic heart failure and reduced pumping ability. The goal was to see if the drug safely lowers a key heart stress marker called NT-proBNP over 12 weeks. The study is complete, and res…

This Phase 2 study tested the safety and effectiveness of tovinontrine, an experimental drug, compared to a placebo in 303 adults with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The main goal was to see if tovinontrine could lower a key biomarker (NT-proBNP) in the b…

This study tested a program to help people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) get their cholesterol checked and treated. Many RA patients are at higher risk for heart attacks and strokes but often miss out on proper screening. The program used peer coaches and educational materials t…

This study tested a new device called NEURESCUE in 6 adults experiencing in-hospital cardiac arrest. The device is a balloon catheter inserted through the leg artery that inflates to redirect blood flow to the heart and brain. The goal was to see if it could be deployed quickly a…

This study tested whether a chewing gum containing dietary nitrate (a natural compound found in leafy greens and beets) could improve gum health and heart health in adults with mild gum disease. Thirty participants were randomly assigned to use either the nitrate gum or a placebo…

This study tested a device called MitraClip, which is a small clip placed through a tube in a vein to repair a leaky mitral valve in the heart. The trial included 304 people with severe mitral regurgitation and heart failure. Half got the clip plus standard medical care, and half…

This study tests whether a new device called VicorderCS can measure blood pressure accurately. The device uses a standard arm cuff and is designed to be faster and more portable than older models. Researchers will compare its readings to those taken with a traditional stethoscope…

This study tests whether a simpler device called pOpmètre can accurately measure arterial stiffness in children aged 4 to 8. Arterial stiffness is an important sign of heart and blood vessel health. The standard device, Sphygmocor, is harder to use in children. If pOpmètre works …

This study looked at whether a special eye scan (SS-OCTA) can detect signs of cardiovascular disease. Researchers compared retinal blood vessel changes to results from a standard carotid ultrasound in 42 adults. The goal was to see if the eye scan could predict the presence or se…

This completed study looked at 313 children to see if blood tests and advanced heart scans could help detect congenital heart disease earlier and predict which children might need surgery. Researchers compared children with heart defects to healthy controls using blood biomarkers…

This study tested whether a simple checklist and blood test (the YEARS algorithm) can safely rule out pulmonary embolism (a blood clot in the lungs) in people with active cancer, compared to the standard approach of doing a CT scan on everyone. About 700 cancer patients with susp…

This study tested a new tool called the Cardiovascular Integrated Risk Tool (CVD IRT) in GP surgeries to see if it could be easily used during routine NHS Health Checks. Over 800 people aged 45-64 took part. The goal was to see if the tool works in real-world primary care and if …

This pilot study tested whether ready-to-eat meals based on the DASH diet could help lower blood pressure and reduce heart disease risk. Twenty adults ate the prepackaged meals daily for 4 weeks while researchers monitored their blood pressure and weight. The goal was to see if a…

This large observational study followed over 135,000 Chinese women aged 40-70 to see if eating soy food reduces the risk of heart attacks and fatal heart disease. Researchers tracked participants' soy intake and heart health over time. The study aims to provide clues about diet a…

This completed trial in Singapore tested whether telling people their 'heart age' and giving them a behavior-change app (HOPE-CVD) could lower their risk of heart disease. Over 1,100 adults aged 30-74 with at least a 5% risk were split into four groups, each receiving different l…

This completed study tested a 6-month program that taught nutrition and exercise to mothers and their children (ages 7-12) in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico. The goal was to improve lifestyle habits and prevent food insecurity, malnutrition, and related health problems like heart disea…

This study tested a family-focused lifestyle program designed to help rural Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults lower their risk for heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Over 500 participants took part in a culturally tailored program that encouraged healthy eating, physical activity,…

This study looked at whether a home-based physical activity program and computer-based cognitive training could help prevent memory loss in older women with heart disease. 253 women aged 65 and older participated. The goal was to see if these lifestyle changes could improve memor…

This large phase 3 trial tested whether a daily statin (pitavastatin) can reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events in adults with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy. Over 7,700 participants from multiple countries took either the statin or a p…

This completed trial tested an 8-week program called Healing Hearts Together (HHT) for couples where one partner has heart disease. 474 couples attended weekly group sessions focused on communication, emotional support, and heart health. The goal was to see if the program improve…

This study looked at whether a 12-week virtual exercise program could help women with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) improve their physical fitness, quality of life, and mental health. Twenty women took part, doing either high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or…

This study tested whether a short, 15-minute brain-training task (evaluative conditioning) could help heart attack survivors exercise at a higher intensity during cardiac rehab. Twenty-four patients were split into two groups: one received training linking physical activity with …

This early study tested a new way to deliver a substance that helps blood vessels relax, potentially lowering blood pressure. Fourteen healthy adults took a mixture placed under the tongue. Researchers measured changes in blood pressure and related chemicals in the blood to see i…

This study looked at whether a 12-week program of aerobic and strength exercises could improve heart health and fitness in women who finished treatment for endometrial cancer. Thirty-three survivors in remission took part. They received exercise equipment and a Fitbit, and had he…

This completed study looked at 260 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (a weak heart due to blocked arteries) who had heart surgery. The goal was to develop a personalized approach to choose the best type of surgery and predict risks and outcomes. Researchers used imaging, bloo…

This study looked at 50 trained to elite female athletes to understand how not getting enough energy (low energy availability) might harm their hearts. Researchers measured heart disease risk factors and checked DNA changes that could be linked to these risks. The goal was to lea…

This study tests whether pharmacists using a generative AI tool (ChatGPT) can provide more accurate and complete medication counseling compared to standard practice. The trial involves 136 adults with chronic conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or asthma who are pickin…

This study looked at how a diabetes medicine called ertugliflozin affects fat tissue around the heart. Researchers took fat samples from 61 adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease during heart surgery. They tested the fat in a lab to see if the drug improved how the fat cel…

This early-stage study tested a new drug called Vitalangio1 in 627 healthy adults aged 18–55 to see if it is safe and how the body processes it. Participants took either the drug or a placebo, and some took it with or without food to see how that affects absorption. The study doe…

This study tested whether an educational website helps people who stopped taking statins due to muscle pain make informed decisions about restarting. Nearly 900 participants were randomly assigned to use the website or receive usual care. The goal was to see if the website increa…

This study checked how well over 5,000 heart patients follow their prescribed medicine routine. Researchers asked patients about their medication habits and any side effects. The goal was to understand how many patients do not take their medicines as directed.

This study followed 268 adults with end-stage kidney disease on dialysis. Each participant wore a Holter heart monitor for 7 days to track irregular heartbeats. Researchers then looked for links between those heart patterns and serious outcomes like sudden cardiac death, heart at…

This completed study looked at 115 people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to see if their condition raises the risk of atherosclerosis, a hardening of the arteries that can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Researchers measured artery stiffness and thickness, and tracked h…

This study checked if certain blood markers can predict serious heart events like heart attack or death within a year after a stent procedure. Researchers measured two types of cells related to blood vessel health in 170 adults scheduled for a stent. The goal was to see if these …

This study looked at whether exercise training can improve physical capacity and heart function in adults who survived Hodgkin lymphoma after chemotherapy and chest radiation. Forty survivors took part in fitness tests and heart monitoring. The goal was to see if exercise could r…

This study tested a program where doctors refer inactive people with chronic diseases (like diabetes, heart disease, or obesity) to an exercise professional for personalized counseling. The goal was to see if this referral scheme helps people become more active compared to just g…

This study tested a tool called HealtheRx, which gives African American patients in rural North Carolina a personalized list of local resources for food, housing, transportation, and more. The goal was to see if this information helps patients feel more confident finding and usin…

This study looked at whether taking short, regular walks during long periods of sitting can lower blood sugar and cholesterol after meals—key risk factors for Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Researchers compared the effects in normal-weight and overweight/obese South Asian adu…

This completed study from Penn State University looked at how a strict 4-week ketogenic diet (very low carb, high fat) affects blood cholesterol and heart health in 25 healthy adults. Researchers compared people with a healthy BMI to those with obesity to see if the diet raises '…

This study checked whether the Turkish version of the Cardiac Depression Scale (CDS) works well for people with heart disease. Researchers tested 360 Turkish adults with various heart conditions to see if the scale accurately measures depression. The goal is to give doctors a rel…

This completed study looked at 400 people with both heart disease and a mental health condition (like depression or anxiety). Researchers used questionnaires, blood tests, and imaging to find shared risk factors and biological markers. The goal was to better understand how these …

This study tested new ways to make genetic counseling more helpful for people from all backgrounds. Over 1,000 adults completed surveys and allowed their counseling sessions to be recorded. The goal was to see if different counseling methods lead to better experiences, especially…

This study tested a program called GRACE that helps primary care patients assess their risk for diseases like heart disease, cancer, and liver disease using family health history. Researchers enrolled 245 patients from five clinics, including low-resource settings, to see how man…

This study looked at whether a special audit and feedback tool could help elementary schools in Oakland follow physical education laws better. The goal was to increase students' physical activity and reduce health inequalities. Researchers worked with 35 schools that serve mostly…

This study tested whether replacing sitting with standing or walking during daily life could improve blood sugar levels in South Asian adults who are overweight or obese. Eighteen participants followed two regimens: one with more sitting and one with less sitting. The goal was to…

This study looked at whether fatty liver disease can be an early warning sign for heart disease, separate from known risk factors. Researchers measured blood markers of blood vessel damage in 63 people aged 50-69 who were already at high risk for heart problems. The goal was to b…

This study tested whether giving heart attack patients remote monitoring devices to use at home could reduce the need for hospital readmissions. 337 participants with high cardiovascular risk took part. The goal was to see if telemedicine could safely provide necessary diagnostic…

This study looked at over 1,600 people with giant cell arteritis, a condition that inflames blood vessels and raises heart risks. Researchers compared tocilizumab and methotrexate to see which better prevents heart attacks, strokes, or death. Using French health data, they analyz…

This study looked at health records of over 2,000 people with HIV from racial and ethnic minority groups to see if seeing a heart specialist (cardiologist) helps prevent heart disease. Researchers tracked who visited a cardiologist and for how long, up to 5 years. The goal is to …

This study looked at what happens when active older adults (55+) reduce their physical activity for just 3 days. Researchers measured changes in blood sugar after meals and blood vessel function, comparing them to younger adults. The goal was to see how quickly inactivity can aff…

This study followed 42 adults with spinal cord injury for one year after leaving rehab. Researchers tracked what they ate, how active they were, and their mood to understand why weight gain happens. The goal is to use this information to design better programs that help people wi…

This study looked at 485 patients who had coronary artery bypass surgery to see if a computer method called fuzzy logic could better predict who is at risk of dying. Fuzzy logic is a way to handle uncertain information, similar to how doctors think. The goal is to create a tool t…

This study worked with Black adults aged 55 and older who have type 2 diabetes to understand why they sit for long periods and how to help them sit less. Researchers used interviews and activity monitors to learn about the social and personal factors that lead to prolonged sittin…

This study looked at how social factors like income, housing, and stress, along with depression, affect blood vessel health in low-income racial and ethnic minority adults. Researchers measured depression, anxiety, stress, and social needs using questionnaires. The goal was to un…

This study tested whether reducing ultra-processed foods (UPF) can improve blood vessel function in middle-aged adults, a key factor in heart disease. Seventeen participants ate either a diet with no UPF or one with high UPF for six weeks. Researchers measured changes in artery f…

This study tested whether teaching dialysis staff and providing support to patients could reduce episodes of dangerously low blood pressure during treatment. Over 1,400 patients across multiple clinics took part. The goal was to make dialysis sessions safer and more stable.

This study looked at whether online referrals from doctors to the WIC food program help more pregnant women sign up. About 240 pregnant women on public insurance or uninsured took part. Some got usual care, others got a direct digital referral, and some also spoke with a dietitia…

This study tested whether a systematic phone call from a medical student, supervised by a general practitioner, could reduce hospitalizations in patients with chronic heart or mental health conditions during the COVID-19 lockdown in France. Over 22,000 patients aged 70 and older …

This study looked at 320 adults who had heart surgery to see how well two different risk scores (EuroSCORE-II and POSPOM) predict the chance of dying in the hospital. Researchers calculated each patient's scores before surgery and compared them to what actually happened. The goal…

This completed study examined blood samples from 40 adults to see if high levels of lipoprotein (a), a type of cholesterol, are linked to fewer or different blood vessel repair cells. Participants with high Lp(a) were compared to those with normal levels. The goal was to better u…

This study gathered information from 100 people undergoing a standard heart procedure called left atrial appendage closure. Researchers used the data to test a software tool that measures heart structures from echocardiograms. No new treatments or procedures were given—only routi…

This study had two parts. First, researchers held focus groups with Arab women in East Jerusalem to understand their health literacy needs. Then, they tested a 4-session workshop designed to improve how these women communicate with their doctors and learn about heart disease. Abo…

This study tested a worksite wellness program designed to reduce stress and improve cardiovascular health among long-term care workers. 159 staff and residents participated. The program included health promotion and safety education, and researchers also looked at whether healthi…

This study looked at nearly 242,000 adults with type 2 diabetes to compare different glucose-lowering medications and their effects on heart health. The goal was to help patients and doctors choose the best treatment based on age, sex, race, and kidney function. The main focus wa…

This completed study followed 6,000 adults who had COVID-19 symptoms and were tested for the virus. Participants completed online surveys every 3 months for 18 months to track long-term health issues like fatigue, brain fog, and heart problems. The goal was to better understand t…

This study looked at how stress, behavior, and social factors affect weight loss and heart health in people from disadvantaged backgrounds. 15 adults with overweight or obesity took part. Researchers measured weight, waist size, and heart health over time to understand what helps…

This study tested an indoor air pollution intervention called AIRWISE in 20 adults aged 55 and older with heart disease. Participants received personal air cleaners, a color-changing air quality monitor, and educational materials. The goal was to see if they would use these tools…

This study looked at whether silent myocardial ischemia (reduced blood flow to the heart without chest pain) increases the risk of heart problems or death in people with coronary heart disease. Researchers followed participants for one to three years. The goal was to better under…

This completed study looked at whether digital data like social media posts and online searches can help predict heart disease risk and healthcare use. Researchers analyzed language from Facebook, Twitter, and other platforms from 781 adults aged 30-74. The goal was to find patte…

This study tested whether a brain-healthy version of soul food, called the MIND+SOUL diet, is practical and well-liked by older African Americans at risk for heart disease and cognitive decline. Twenty-nine participants aged 55 and older took cooking classes and received dietary …

This study aimed to find out if certain genes make people more likely to die suddenly from a heart problem. Researchers looked at the DNA of 2,500 people to see if specific gene variations were linked to sudden cardiac death. No treatments or interventions were given; the goal wa…

This completed study looked at 1,000 heart attack patients to understand why some have no standard risk factors like smoking, high blood pressure, or diabetes. Researchers compared these 'SMuRF-less' patients to those with risk factors, examining their medical history, lab tests,…

This study looked at whether tiny cell parts called mitochondria contribute to higher blood pressure and worse blood vessel health in Black adults. Researchers gave 31 middle-aged and older adults a supplement called MitoQ or a placebo for 8 weeks. The goal was to understand the …

This small study looked at whether drinking a KETO5 XOGenius beverage every day could improve markers of heart health, thinking skills, and body measurements like weight and waist size. Six healthy adults aged 18 to 50 took part. The goal was to gather early information, not to t…

This study tested whether taking a high-dose fish oil supplement (E-EPA) for one month changes how LDL ('bad' cholesterol) clumps together in 68 healthy adults. Researchers measured blood fats and LDL stickiness before, during, and after the supplement period. The goal was to und…

This study tested whether a whole-food plant-based diet, compared to a standard North American diet, can lower LDL cholesterol in 50 adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH). Participants followed each diet for 28 days in a crossover design. Researchers also …

This study looked at how to make school-based physical activity and nutrition programs work better for children in Texas. Researchers tested different support methods—like mentoring, extra resources, and contests—to see which helped schools deliver these programs most effectively…

This completed study followed over 18,000 Taiwanese Buddhists to see if a vegetarian diet is linked to a lower risk of chronic diseases like dementia, depression, heart disease, stroke, gout, cataracts, gallstones, and urinary tract infections. Researchers compared health records…

This study looked at two ways to assign care coordinators to older adults (65+) with heart disease or risk factors. One method used patients' own reports of difficulty coordinating care, while the other used usual triggers like hospital discharge. The goal was to see which approa…