PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE

This study tested whether a dressing soaked in heparin, a blood-thinning medicine, can prevent thick, raised scars and reduce pain at the site where skin is taken for a graft. 400 patients each had one donor site treated with standard care and the other with a heparin dressing. T…

This study tested whether adding acupuncture to standard anti-nausea drugs could better prevent nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic gallbladder removal. 270 adults scheduled for surgery received either acupuncture plus standard drugs or standard drugs alone. The goal was to se…

This study tested whether injecting a local anesthetic called ropivacaine into the surgical area could prevent chronic breast pain after breast cancer surgery. Researchers compared the anesthetic to a placebo (salt water) in 260 patients. The goal was to see if fewer people had p…

This study looked at whether it's safe to stop changing wound dressings after gastrointestinal cancer surgery. Over 1,100 adults were randomly assigned to either have their wound dressing removed after 48 hours and left uncovered, or to receive routine dressing changes every two …

This study tested whether a specific nerve block (SPSIP block) can reduce pain during and after surgery to implant a pacemaker or defibrillator. Sixty adults were randomly assigned to receive either the nerve block with numbing medicine or a sham injection. Researchers measured p…

This study tested whether using only three fixation points for mesh in hernia repair reduces pain and complications compared to the standard method. Sixty-four adults with inguinal hernia were randomly assigned to one of the two techniques. The goal is to see if a less invasive f…

This study compared two nerve block techniques—ESPB and SAPB—for pain after thoracotomy (chest surgery). Sixty adults received one of the two blocks, and pain was measured at rest and while coughing for 72 hours. The goal was to see which method provides better pain relief and re…

This study tested whether a CBD oral solution (Epidiolex) can help manage pain and reduce the need for opioids in 37 adults undergoing double knee replacement. Participants received either a placebo or one of two CBD doses. The goal was to see if CBD could lower opioid use while …

This study looked at two ways to manage pain after a planned C-section: a nerve block (TAP block) and injecting pain medicine into the wound. 75 women took part. The goal was to see which method helps mothers feel better and recover more quickly after surgery.

This study compared two types of nerve blocks (paravertebral and erector spinae plane block) given before or after video-assisted chest surgery to see which controls pain best. 80 adults participated. The goal was to find the most effective method for reducing acute and long-term…

This completed Phase 3 trial tested whether a fixed-dose combination of dipyrone and codeine provides better pain relief than either drug alone after open pelvic-abdominal surgery. 491 adults with moderate to severe pain were enrolled. The main goal was to see if more people achi…

This study compared two methods of pain relief after hip replacement surgery: a newer technique called erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and the standard epidural. 60 adults having hip replacement took part. Researchers measured pain levels, opioid use, muscle strength, and walki…

This study compared two ways to manage pain after video-assisted lung surgery: an intercostal nerve block using liposomal bupivacaine and a paravertebral block using plain bupivacaine. 176 adults undergoing VATS were enrolled. The main goal was to see how many patients needed opi…

This study tested whether a long-acting painkiller called Exparel (liposomal bupivacaine) works better than the standard version for numbing the foot and ankle during and after surgery. About 248 adults having elective foot or ankle surgery received either Exparel or standard bup…

This study tested two pain relief methods after total knee replacement. One group received a nerve block plus an injection around the knee, while the other group received only the injection. The goal was to see which approach better reduces pain and the need for opioid painkiller…

This study tested freezing the nerves between the ribs during robot-assisted lung surgery to see if it reduces pain and the need for painkillers afterward. 33 adults having lung surgery were randomly assigned to get the nerve freeze or standard pain medicine. Researchers tracked …

This study tested two methods to control pain after laparoscopic gallbladder removal: a nerve block (external oblique intercostal block) and injecting pain medicine into the surgical cuts (port-site infiltration). Sixty adults were followed for 24 hours after surgery to see which…

This study tested whether applying cryotherapy (ice or cold saline) during dental procedures for deep cavities reduces pain and improves quality of life. 144 adults received either a pulpotomy or root canal treatment, with or without cryotherapy. The goal was to see if the cold t…

This study tested whether a long-acting numbing drug called liposomal bupivacaine (Exparel) can reduce pain and opioid use after skin graft harvesting in burn patients. 74 adults with small burns received either Exparel, lidocaine, or a nerve block. Researchers measured pain scor…

This study tested whether giving ketamine and dexamethasone during back surgery can lower pain and the need for morphine afterward. 128 adults having lumbar fusion surgery took part. The goal was to see if these drugs improve recovery and reduce side effects like nausea.

This study tested whether using a vibrating device, alone or with a cold gel pack, could reduce pain and anxiety when chest tubes are removed after coronary artery bypass surgery. 93 patients were split into three groups: vibration only, vibration plus cold, or standard care. Res…

This study looked at whether a TAP block (a type of nerve block) can reduce pain after laparoscopic gallbladder removal. Sixty adults were split into two groups: one got the TAP block with numbing medicine after surgery, the other did not. Researchers measured pain levels and how…

This study looked at 90 adults having knee replacement surgery to see which nerve block technique works better for pain control and getting patients moving sooner. One group got a fascia iliaca plane block, the other got a combination of adductor canal and IPACK blocks. Researche…

This study tested whether breathing yoga or progressive muscle relaxation can help liver transplant patients with pain, breathing problems, and fear of movement. 125 adults who had a successful liver transplant were taught these techniques before discharge. The goal was to see if…

This study tested whether injecting a long-acting painkiller (liposomal bupivacaine) into the breastbone before cutting it during heart surgery can reduce pain and the need for opioid painkillers. 70 adults having heart surgery through the breastbone took part. The goal was to se…

This study tested whether watching short comedy films after Uretero-Renoscopy (URS) surgery could lower pain and anxiety. 110 adult patients were shown 10-minute Turkish comedy videos. Researchers measured pain and anxiety levels to see if laughter helped recovery. The goal is to…

This study looked at 670 women who had a hysterectomy to see if a spinal injection of morphine works better than morphine given through an IV for controlling pain. The goal was to reduce pain and the need for opioids after surgery. Researchers compared pain scores, side effects, …

This study compared two methods of pain control for people having back fusion surgery: a nerve block given before surgery versus numbing medicine injected at the end. Researchers measured pain, inflammation, confusion after surgery, and overall recovery in 29 adults. The goal is …

This study looked at 60 adults who had knee replacement surgery to see which of two nerve block combinations worked better for pain. One group got a biceps femoris short head block plus an adductor canal block, and the other got an IPACK block plus an adductor canal block. Resear…

This study tested whether taking melatonin for three nights before wisdom tooth surgery could lower pain and the need for pain medication afterward. Sixty adults aged 18-35 took either melatonin or a placebo before their surgery. Researchers measured how many pain pills they used…

This study tested whether playing local music to patients after laparoscopic abdominal surgery can reduce pain and improve comfort. 120 adults in Turkey and Iran took part. Researchers measured pain using a number scale and comfort with a questionnaire. The goal is to see if a si…

This study tested whether practicing mindfulness meditation using the Headspace app before a minimally invasive hysterectomy could lower pain and stress after surgery. Seventy-two women were randomly assigned to either meditate regularly before surgery or receive standard care. R…

This study looked at different ways to clean a tooth during a root canal to see which one causes the least pain afterward. 80 healthy adults with a dead tooth in the lower jaw received one of several disinfection methods. Their pain was checked at 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and aga…

This study tested whether wearing green or blue-tinted glasses after kidney donation surgery could help reduce pain and nausea without medication. 48 kidney donors were randomly assigned to wear green, blue, clear, or no glasses for at least 8 hours a day until discharge. Their p…

This study tested whether injecting the numbing drug ropivacaine into the belly and around a nerve cluster before surgery can lower pain after laparoscopic fibroid removal. 207 women having fibroid surgery were randomly assigned to get either ropivacaine or a placebo. The main go…

This study tested whether placing small seeds on specific ear points (auricular acupressure) can reduce pain after a cesarean section. Seventy women were randomly assigned to receive either real acupressure or a sham (fake) version. Their pain levels and use of painkillers were t…

This study looked at whether teaching patients about pain before a planned hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) could help lower their anxiety, stress, and pain after surgery. 62 adults took part and received either standard care or extra education about pain. The goal was to see…

This study compared two common numbing drugs, lidocaine and bupivacaine, in 60 people aged 15–35 having jaw surgery. Researchers measured pain, numbness, and touch sensation after surgery. The goal is to find which drug gives patients a better recovery experience.

This study tested whether freezing certain nerves in the chest (cryoablation) can reduce pain and the need for strong painkillers after minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. Thirty adults took part, and researchers measured pain levels and opioid use. The goal was to gather ea…

This study tested two types of nerve blocks for pain after arthroscopic shoulder surgery in 60 adults. The standard interscalene block can sometimes weaken the diaphragm, making breathing harder. The newer infraspinatus-teres minor interfascial block aims to avoid that side effec…

This study tested whether a specific nerve block, called a rectointercostal fascial plane block, could reduce pain and the need for strong painkillers after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Fifty-six adults undergoing weight-loss surgery were randomly assigned to receive either t…

This study tested two ways to numb the shoulder after surgery: the standard interscalene block and a combination of two other blocks (infraclavicular and anterior suprascapular). The goal was to see if the combination could provide equal pain relief without causing temporary diap…

This study tested two different nerve block techniques to control pain and help patients regain muscle strength after hip fracture surgery. 96 adults with a hip fracture received either a PENG block plus lateral femoral cutaneous nerve block or a supra-inguinal fascia iliaca comp…

This study tested four different ways of conditioning the carbon dioxide gas used during laparoscopic (keyhole) womb surgery. The goal was to see if warming, wetting, or adding a numbing medicine to the gas could prevent a drop in body temperature (hypothermia) and reduce pain af…

This study looked at two methods to control pain after liver surgery: continuous wound infiltration with a local anesthetic (ropivacaine) and a single spinal injection of morphine. The goal was to see which approach reduces the need for additional morphine and lowers the chance o…

This study tested two different drug combinations given through a small tube near the spine to control pain after video-assisted lung surgery. 90 adults participated to see if adding sufentanil to ropivacaine reduces the need for morphine and improves pain scores compared to ropi…

This study looked at whether giving specific nerve blocks (PECS II, parasternal, and serratus plane blocks) before surgery can reduce pain after minimally invasive heart bypass surgery (MIDCAB). Researchers compared 88 patients who either received the blocks or standard painkille…

This study tested whether adding morphine to a standard spinal anesthetic (bupivacaine) could provide longer pain relief after hernia repair. Fifty adults undergoing surgery were randomly assigned to receive either the combination or bupivacaine alone. The main goal was to see ho…

This study tested two pain relief methods after hip replacement surgery: a nerve block (ESPB) versus morphine injected into the spine. The goal was to see which method helps patients walk 10 steps without support sooner. 70 adults aged 18-60 participated. The results could help i…

This study looked at whether watching clips from classical Turkish comedy films could help liver transplant patients feel less pain and more comfortable after surgery. 120 adult liver transplant recipients took part. The researchers measured pain levels and comfort using standard…

This study looked at 159 adults who had nose surgery (rhinoplasty) to see which pain medicine worked better for the first 5 days after surgery. One group took a combination of acetaminophen and hydrocodone, while the other took acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Participants rated thei…

This study looked at ways to manage pain after elective lower back surgery without relying on opioids. The goal was to see if using a combination of non-opioid pain medicines could reduce pain and avoid side effects like nausea or breathing problems. 75 adults having lumbar disc …

This study compared two ultrasound-guided nerve blocks—PENG block and caudal block—for managing pain after hip surgery in 80 children aged 1 to 7. Both blocks use the numbing drug bupivacaine. The goal was to see which provides better pain relief and reduces the need for opioids,…

This study tested two common painkillers, ketamine and lidocaine, to see which works better for pain after gallbladder removal. 76 adults were randomly assigned to receive one of the drugs right after surgery. Researchers measured their pain levels over the next 24 hours. The goa…

This study compared methadone to standard opioids like fentanyl for pain relief during and after outpatient surgery. Over 900 adults aged 18-65 having moderately painful procedures took part. The goal was to see if methadone could reduce the total amount of opioids patients used …

This study tested two methods of giving a nerve block for shoulder surgery to see if one causes less severe 'rebound pain' when the block wears off. Rebound pain is a short but intense pain that can happen as the anesthesia fades. The researchers compared injecting the anesthetic…

This completed trial tested whether a combination of four non-opioid drugs (magnesium, dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and lidocaine) given during major surgery could improve patient recovery compared to standard opioid-only anesthesia. 240 adults undergoing planned major surgery were…

This study tested whether the drug duloxetine, typically used for depression, can help reduce pain and the need for opioids after knee replacement surgery. Researchers enrolled 241 adults undergoing knee replacement and gave them either duloxetine or a placebo. The goal was to se…

This study tested whether giving a single dose of pregabalin (Lyrica) before ureteroscopy—a surgery for kidney stones that often leaves a temporary stent in the ureter—can reduce pain and the need for opioid painkillers afterward. 118 adults were randomly assigned to receive eith…

This study tested whether an ultrasound-guided PECS nerve block could reduce opioid use and improve pain control in 70 women undergoing breast cancer surgery. Participants received either the nerve block or standard care. The goal was to see if the block leads to less pain, less …

This study looked at 50 adults having planned gallbladder removal surgery. It compared two types of pain control during anesthesia: one using opioids and one without opioids. The goal was to see which approach leads to better recovery and less pain in the first 24 hours after sur…

This study tested different ways to control pain after laparoscopic gallbladder removal in 160 adults. Patients received either a TAP block (an injection into the abdominal wall muscles), local anesthetic at the incision sites, both, or no extra pain relief. The TAP block group r…

This study tested three different nerve block techniques to control pain after thoracoscopic (chest) surgery. 155 adults were randomly assigned to receive either a serratus plane block, a paravertebral block, or both together, using the anesthetic ropivacaine. The goal was to fin…

This study tested whether adding hyaluronidase to the numbing drug bupivacaine improves pain relief after cesarean section. 114 women received a nerve block with either bupivacaine alone or bupivacaine plus one of two doses of hyaluronidase. The goal was to see if the combination…

This study tested whether a biofeedback-based virtual reality (VR) program could help children and teens aged 12-18 manage pain after surgery. 93 participants used the VR tool before and after their operation. The goal was to see if the approach was feasible and acceptable, not y…

This Phase 2 trial tested OCS-01 eye drops in 153 adults who had cataract surgery. The drops aim to reduce eye inflammation and pain. Participants received either a once-daily or twice-daily dose of OCS-01 or a placebo. The study measured how many people had no signs of inflammat…

This early study tested different doses of ketamine given through an IV to 12 women after cesarean delivery. The goal was to find a dose that is well-tolerated without serious side effects like dangerous changes in blood pressure or heart rate. The highest safe dose was found to …

This study tested whether cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can reduce persistent pain after fracture surgery. Over 1,000 adults with broken arm or leg bones received either CBT or usual care. The goal was to see if CBT lowers the number of people who still have moderate to seve…

This study aimed to find simple ways to predict how much pain people will feel after oral surgery, like having a tooth pulled. Researchers measured things like pain sensitivity before the procedure in 148 adults. The goal was to create a model that helps doctors plan better pain …

This study tests whether a very small dose of fentanyl can reveal how sensitive a person is to pain and whether they might develop worse pain after surgery. Researchers will give healthy volunteers either fentanyl or a placebo and measure their pain threshold using a mechanical s…

This study looked at 128 children aged 2-18 who had ear, nose, or throat surgery. Researchers compared standard opioid-based anesthesia to opioid-free anesthesia to see if it reduced post-surgery agitation and delirium. The goal was to find a way to help children recover more cal…

This study looked at 120 adults having open heart surgery to see if an AI program could correctly judge whether a pain-relieving nerve block was placed properly. Researchers compared the AI's assessment to that of a human expert and checked if better block placement led to less p…

This study tested whether a device that measures pupil changes (automated pupillometry) can help assess pain in intensive care patients who are confused or delirious after surgery. Pain is hard to evaluate in these patients because they cannot communicate clearly. The study enrol…

This study looked at whether a genetic marker called COMT can predict how well a person responds to hypnosis for pain after surgery. Researchers tested a new, faster method to read this gene from saliva or blood samples. The goal is to one day use a simple genetic test to persona…

This study looked at 57 adults having laparoscopic abdominal surgery to see if specific brain wave patterns during surgery are linked to how much pain they feel afterward. Researchers measured pain levels and painkiller use after surgery. The goal was to better understand pain, n…

This study looked at 75 adults having lower back surgery to see if body weight affects how well a nerve block controls pain. Researchers measured pain levels at rest and while coughing in the first hours after surgery. The goal is to understand if heavier patients need different …

This study looked at whether giving a nerve block (erector spinae plane block) before or after gallbladder surgery affects heart electrical activity. 135 adults having laparoscopic gallbladder removal were randomly assigned to receive the block before surgery, after surgery, or n…

This study followed 2500 adults having major surgery to see if we can predict who will develop persistent pain 3 to 6 months later. Researchers collected information on patients' history, physical and mental health, and daily experiences using smartphone surveys. The goal is to f…

This study looked at how different nerve blocks numb the skin for breast cancer surgery. Thirty-six patients received one of three types of nerve blocks before surgery. Researchers mapped the numb area and checked if it covered the surgical incision. The goal is to help doctors c…