National Cancer Institute (nci)

This study looked at 546 people whose pancreatic cancer was removed by surgery. It tested whether adding a targeted drug (erlotinib) or radiation therapy to standard chemotherapy could help them live longer. The goal was to find the best way to kill any remaining cancer cells aft…

This early-phase trial tested an experimental drug called Z-Endoxifen in 40 adults with hormone receptor-positive cancers (like breast, ovarian, or desmoid tumors) that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The drug works by blocking estrogen from fueling cancer growth, …

This study tested whether a combination of three drugs (carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) can safely stop smoldering multiple myeloma from turning into active cancer. Fifty-five adults with high-risk smoldering myeloma received eight cycles of the three drugs, followe…

This study tested whether combining two immunotherapy drugs (ipilimumab and nivolumab) with radiation therapy works better than the standard chemotherapy (temozolomide) plus radiation for a type of brain cancer called glioblastoma that lacks a specific marker (MGMT unmethylated).…

This study tested a drug called cabozantinib in 102 people with endometrial cancer that had come back or spread. The drug works by blocking signals that help cancer cells grow and by cutting off blood flow to tumors. The main goals were to see if tumors shrank and how long they s…

This phase 2 trial tested two oral drugs, sunitinib and cediranib, in 34 patients with metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), a rare cancer. Patients were randomly assigned to one drug, and if their disease worsened, they could switch to the other. The goal was to see if t…

This study tested a new treatment for cancers caused by HPV-16, like cervical and throat cancers. Researchers took participants' white blood cells, added genes to help them target a protein called E7 found in HPV cancer cells, and infused the modified cells back. The goal was to …

This early-phase study tested a new drug (AZD8186) combined with chemotherapy (docetaxel) in 23 adults with advanced solid tumors that have certain gene changes (PTEN or PIK3CB mutations). The main goal was to find the safest dose and understand side effects. Researchers hope thi…

This study tested a combination of two drugs, olaparib and ramucirumab, in 51 people with advanced stomach or gastroesophageal junction cancer that had spread or could not be removed by surgery. The goal was to find the safest dose and see if the combination helps shrink tumors o…

This study tested a drug called tazemetostat in 20 children and young adults whose cancers had returned or stopped responding to treatment. Only patients whose tumors had specific gene changes (EZH2, SMARCB1, or SMARCA4) were included. The goal was to see if the drug could shrink…

This early-phase trial tested a new drug called TdCyd in 27 adults with advanced solid tumors that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The goal was to find a safe dose and see how the drug affects the body. TdCyd aims to reactivate genes that slow tumor growth, potenti…

This study tested a drug called pomalidomide in 34 adults with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), a condition where donor immune cells attack the recipient's body after a stem cell transplant. Participants had GvHD that did not improve with standard treatments. They took p…

This early-phase trial tested the safety of adding the drug navtemadlin to standard radiation therapy before surgery for soft tissue sarcoma. The goal was to find the best dose that causes fewest side effects while potentially shrinking the tumor, making surgery easier. The study…

This study tested a special pump placed under the skin that sends chemotherapy directly to the liver through the hepatic artery. It was for 24 adults with colorectal cancer that had spread to the liver and who had already tried standard chemo. The goal was to see if this direct d…

This study tested whether adding the targeted drug trastuzumab (Herceptin) to standard chemoradiation helps people with a specific type of esophageal cancer (HER2-positive). About 200 participants received either standard treatment or standard treatment plus trastuzumab. The main…

This study tested whether adding bevacizumab to ipilimumab helps people with advanced melanoma (skin cancer that has spread and cannot be removed by surgery). A total of 169 patients took part. The goal was to see if the combination improves overall survival and slows cancer grow…

This early-phase study tested whether adding immunotherapy drugs (durvalumab, monalizumab, or oleclumab) to radiation therapy is safe for people with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. The trial enrolled 26 participants and focused on t…

This early-phase trial tested whether adding the immunotherapy drug atezolizumab to standard chemoradiation could help control advanced cervical cancer that has spread to lymph nodes. Forty participants received atezolizumab before and during chemoradiotherapy. The main goal was …

This study tested whether adding immunotherapy (dinutuximab plus immune-stimulating drugs) to standard treatment improves outcomes for children with high-risk neuroblastoma after a stem cell transplant. About 1,400 children participated. The goal was to see if the combination the…

This early-phase study tested whether combining two drugs—durvalumab and vicineum—could safely help people with a high-grade bladder cancer that hadn't spread to muscle but returned after standard BCG treatment. Fifteen adults received the drugs for up to two years. The main goal…

This study tested three different combinations of immunotherapy drugs in 59 adults with castration-resistant prostate cancer or other advanced solid tumors. The goal was to see if the combinations could shrink tumors or lower PSA levels (a marker of prostate cancer) and to check …

This early-phase study tested a combination of two drugs—veliparib and temozolomide—in 66 adults with acute leukemias that had come back or not responded to standard treatment. The goal was to find the safest dose and see how well the combo worked. Veliparib blocks a DNA repair e…

This early-phase study tested a combination of two drugs, sapanisertib and ziv-aflibercept, in 83 adults with advanced solid tumors that had spread or could not be removed by surgery. The goal was to find the safest dose and understand side effects. The drugs work by blocking sig…

This study looked at whether adding a lab-made antibody (edrecolomab) after surgery helps people with stage II colon cancer live longer. About 2,100 patients took part, with half getting the antibody and half just being watched. The goal was to see if the antibody could kill left…

This early-phase trial tested a new drug (entinostat) added to a standard treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, a fast-growing cancer that has spread. Only 3 people took part to find the safest dose and check for side effects. The goal was to see if the combinatio…

This study tested a shorter course of radiation (2 to 4 weeks) for men whose prostate cancer came back after prostate removal. The goal was to find the shortest schedule that is safe and tolerable. Thirty men received daily radiation targeting the tumor seen on scans, while givin…

This early-phase trial tested the safety of combining two cancer drugs, bortezomib and clofarabine, in 28 adults with advanced solid tumors, lymphomas, or myelodysplastic syndromes that had stopped responding to standard treatments. Participants received the drugs in 21-day cycle…

This study looked at adding two drugs, carboplatin and bevacizumab, to standard chemotherapy before surgery for a hard-to-treat type of breast cancer called triple-negative. The goal was to see if these additions could make tumors shrink more or even disappear completely before s…

This study tested whether adding the immunotherapy drug durvalumab to radiation therapy works better than the standard cetuximab plus radiation for people with advanced head and neck cancer who cannot take the chemotherapy drug cisplatin. The trial enrolled 196 participants and m…

This early-phase trial tested a combination of two drugs, magrolimab and dinutuximab, in 12 children and young adults whose neuroblastoma or osteosarcoma had returned or stopped responding to treatment. The main goals were to find the safest dose and to see if the combination cou…

This study tested a type of internal radiation called high-dose brachytherapy in 43 people with cervical, endometrial, esophageal, prostate, or biliary cancer. The goal was to see if the procedure could be done safely and effectively at the National Institutes of Health. Particip…

This study tested whether adding the drug sorafenib to the standard drug cetuximab could help control advanced head and neck cancer that had come back or spread. Fifty-five adults with this type of cancer took part. The main goal was to see how long the cancer stayed under contro…

This study tested a new treatment for children and young adults (ages 1–39) with leukemia or lymphoma that did not respond to standard therapy. The treatment involved taking a patient's own white blood cells, modifying them in a lab to target a protein called CD22 on cancer cells…

This study tested whether adding total body irradiation (TBI) to standard chemotherapy before giving patients their own lab-grown immune cells could improve outcomes for metastatic melanoma. 102 adults with advanced skin cancer were randomly assigned to receive either chemotherap…

This study tested whether giving a second round of radiation is safe for people whose glioblastoma brain tumor came back after standard treatment. Seventeen adults aged 18 to 50 received daily radiation for 2 to 3 weeks. The goal was to find the highest dose that doesn't cause se…

This study tested whether using PET/CT scans during treatment to adjust radiation doses can better target tumors and spare healthy tissue in people with stage III non-small cell lung cancer. 138 participants received either standard radiation or a personalized, adaptive approach.…

This study tested a new combination of three drugs (VIP152, venetoclax, and prednisone) in 8 adults with aggressive blood cancers like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that had returned or not responded to prior treatments. The goal was to find a safe dose and see if the combination…

This study tested whether adding the immunotherapy drug atezolizumab to standard chemotherapy and targeted therapy (paclitaxel, trastuzumab, pertuzumab) helps people with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread. 190 adults with advanced or metastatic disease took part. The go…

This study tested whether using a virtual reality (VR) headset could help reduce anxiety and distress in people with primary brain tumors. Sixty-one adults were given a VR headset to use at home during their clinical visits. They filled out questionnaires about their mood before,…

This study looked at whether a 12-week physical activity program could improve memory and attention in children ages 8–17 who had radiation for a brain tumor at least 2 years ago. Participants were split into two groups: one started the exercise program right away, the other afte…

This study looked at whether newer imaging techniques can better detect when early blood disorders (MGUS and smoldering myeloma) turn into active multiple myeloma. Thirty-one adults with these conditions received three types of scans: a standard PET/CT, an experimental PET/CT usi…

This study involved 32 people with advanced lung, bladder, ovarian, or other cancers who chose to donate their bodies to research after death. Within 3 hours of passing, researchers collected tumor samples to study how cancer changes and spreads. The goal was to learn more about …

This study aimed to learn more about stomach cancers that run in families. Researchers collected medical history, blood samples, and genetic information from 733 people with a personal or family history of hereditary gastric cancer. The goal was to better understand how these can…

This study looked at nearly 1,900 male farmers over age 50 to see if pesticide exposure is linked to early signs of blood cancers like multiple myeloma. Researchers collected blood and urine samples and asked about pesticide use. No treatments were given; the goal was simply to g…

This study looked at leftover tissue samples from 130 people with lymphoma or related conditions. Researchers measured levels of proteins and chemical modifications on those proteins to find patterns linked to different lymphoma types. The goal was to better understand the biolog…

This study follows over 32,000 adults from Linxian, China, who took part in a large vitamin and mineral trial from 1985 to 1991. The goal is to see how the supplements affected cancer and death rates over many years. Researchers collect health records, blood samples, and surveys …

This study aims to create a blood test that can predict when ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer might come back after remission. Researchers will look at proteins in the blood to find a pattern, or 'fingerprint,' linked to relapse. 119 women with stage III or IV cancer…

This study observes people with rare genetic conditions that affect the body's ability to repair DNA, such as xeroderma pigmentosum and Cockayne syndrome. Researchers collect samples like skin and blood to learn how DNA repair helps prevent cancer. The goal is to better understan…

This study looked at whether simple thinking and memory tests can detect changes in brain function after standard radiation treatment for cancer that has spread to the brain. Thirty-five adults with brain metastases took thinking tests, quality-of-life surveys, and had MRI scans …

This study tested whether a mindful self-compassion program could be adapted for young adults aged 18 to 29 with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a genetic condition that greatly raises cancer risk. Seven participants attended a one-day demonstration and gave feedback on how to make the pro…

This study gathered health history, symptoms, and genetic samples from 326 adults with rare central nervous system tumors. The goal was to learn what factors are linked to these tumors and how they affect quality of life. Participants completed surveys and provided saliva samples…

This study involved 47 adults with newly diagnosed glioblastoma or gliosarcoma who had already completed standard surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Researchers gave them a combination of immunotherapy drugs (ipilimumab and nivolumab) along with the chemotherapy drug temozolom…

This study looked at the genes of over 1,300 people with blood cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. The goal was to find new genetic subtypes that could explain why some patients respond well to treatment while others do not. Researchers used stored tissue sampl…

This study looked at 629 children to see if contact with pesticides—at home, in the garden, or from nearby farms—raises the risk of childhood leukemia. Researchers collected dust from carpets and mapped crops near homes to measure chemical exposure. The goal was to understand pos…

This study looks at genes that might explain why some people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have more serious health problems than others. Researchers will examine medical histories, take blood samples, and perform imaging tests on patients and their family members. The goal…

This study tested advanced screening methods, such as MRI and breast duct lavage, to find breast cancer earlier in 200 women with BRCA gene mutations. Participants had annual check-ups for three years, including blood tests and imaging. The goal was to see if these methods work b…

This study looked at how skin tumors grow in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Researchers took detailed photos and skin samples over two years to measure tumor growth and find genes that might affect it. 17 adults with NF1 and their parents took part. The goal was to l…

This study aims to understand how benign nerve tumors in people with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) sometimes turn into aggressive cancers. Researchers will compare different types of medical scans and analyze tumor genetics from 10 participants to find better ways to detect this…

This study collected blood and tumor tissue from 64 people with advanced or treatment-resistant cancers. Researchers stored these samples to study how genes affect cancer growth and response to therapy. No new treatment was given; the goal was to build a resource for future resea…

This study followed 377 people from families with a strong history of breast or ovarian cancer. Researchers collected genetic samples, medical records, and survey data to learn how these cancers develop and who is most at risk. No treatment was given; the goal was to better under…

This study tested a document called Voicing My CHOiCES, designed to help young adults (ages 18-39) with cancer or other serious illnesses talk about their end-of-life care wishes. Participants filled out surveys about anxiety, social support, and communication, then reviewed the …

This study collected saliva samples and medical history from 266 Hispanic/Latino women with breast cancer. The goal was to learn more about how common BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations are in this group. No treatment was given—the focus was on gathering information to help future re…

This study aimed to understand why esophageal cancer is so common in Iran's Golestan Province. Researchers enrolled about 50,000 adults aged 40 to 75 from the region. Participants answered lifestyle and diet questions and provided blood, urine, hair, and nail samples. The goal wa…

This study looked at 466 women aged 40-65 who had a breast biopsy to understand why dense breast tissue increases cancer risk. Researchers collected mammograms, tissue samples, and health data over 10 years. The goal was to learn what makes breast tissue dense and why it may lead…