National Cancer Institute (nci)

This early-phase trial tested a combination of two drugs—veliparib and temozolomide—in 66 adults with relapsed or refractory acute leukemias. Veliparib blocks a DNA repair enzyme, while temozolomide damages cancer cell DNA. The goal was to find the safest dose and check for side …

This study tested whether using PET/CT scans during treatment to adjust radiation plans can improve outcomes for people with stage III non-small cell lung cancer. 138 participants were randomly assigned to receive either standard radiation or radiation guided by mid-treatment sca…

This study tested an experimental treatment for metastatic melanoma using a patient's own immune cells (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) grown in a lab and given back along with high-dose IL-2. Before the cell infusion, all patients received chemotherapy to suppress their immune s…

This early-phase trial tested two experimental drugs, FdCyd and THU, taken by mouth to treat advanced solid tumors that had not responded to standard treatments. Fifty-nine adults participated, taking the drugs on a 3-days-on, 4-days-off schedule in 21-day cycles. The main goal w…

This large phase III trial studied 546 patients whose pancreatic cancer was removed by surgery. It compared chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy plus erlotinib, followed by more chemo with or without radiation. The goal was to see if adding erlotinib or radiation helps patients…

This early-phase trial tested a shorter course of radiation for men whose prostate cancer came back after their prostate was removed. Instead of the usual 6-7 weeks of daily radiation, researchers gave higher doses over just 2-4 weeks, focusing the strongest radiation on the tumo…

This early-phase study tested whether giving activated natural killer (NK) cells, with or without a protein called rhIL15, is safe and feasible for children and young adults with solid tumors that haven't responded to other treatments. Sixteen participants received chemotherapy t…

This early-phase trial tested two drugs—durvalumab and vicineum—in 15 people with high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer that had not responded to standard BCG treatment. The goal was to see if the combination is safe and can help the immune system fight the cancer. Partic…

This early-phase trial tested whether adding nilotinib (a pill) to paclitaxel (a chemotherapy) is safe and tolerable for people with advanced solid tumors that no longer respond to standard treatments. The study included 47 adults and children aged 12 and older. Researchers aimed…

This phase 2 trial tested whether adding sorafenib to the standard drug cetuximab works better than cetuximab alone for people with advanced head and neck cancer that has come back or spread. Fifty-five patients were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments. The main goal w…

This early-phase trial tested a combination of two chemotherapy drugs (gemcitabine and carboplatin) plus lenalidomide, a drug that blocks blood vessel growth in tumors, in 18 adults with advanced solid tumors, especially urothelial (bladder) cancer. The main goal was to find the …

This phase 2 trial tested the drug samotolisib in 18 children and young adults with advanced solid tumors, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or histiocytic disorders that had spread, returned, or stopped responding to treatment. Only patients whose tumors had specific mutations in the TSC or…

This phase 2 trial tested whether adding the drug veliparib to standard chemotherapy (cisplatin) helps people with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer or BRCA-related breast cancer, including those with brain metastases. The study enrolled 344 participants and compared progr…

This phase 1 trial tested the combination of dasatinib (a pill) and bevacizumab (an infusion) in 50 adults with advanced solid tumors that no longer respond to standard treatments. The goal was to find the safest dose and see how well the two drugs work together to slow cancer gr…

This study tested a shorter course of a chemotherapy combination called EPOCH-R in 68 people with HIV and a type of lymphoma. The goal was to see if reducing the amount of chemotherapy could still control the cancer while causing less damage to the immune system. Participants rec…

This early-phase trial tested whether adding the immunotherapy drug atezolizumab before and during standard chemoradiation could help control advanced cervical cancer that has spread to lymph nodes. Forty participants received the combination to see if it activated the immune sys…

This study tested a combination of three hormone-blocking drugs (enzalutamide, abiraterone, and standard hormone therapy) given before surgery in 12 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer that hasn't spread. Researchers also used special PET/CT scans with a new tracer to see if…

This large phase III trial tested whether adding the drugs bortezomib and sorafenib to standard chemotherapy helps people with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) live longer without the cancer returning. Over 1,600 participants took part. The study focused on patients w…

This early-phase study tested a combination of three drugs (VIP152, venetoclax, and prednisone) in 8 adults with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas that had returned or not responded to prior treatments. The main goals were to check safety and find the best dose, while also measuri…

This study tested a drug called palbociclib in 23 children and young adults (ages 1–21) whose cancers had come back or didn't respond to treatment. The drug works by blocking proteins that help cancer cells grow. The goal was to see if it could shrink tumors or slow the disease i…

This study tested a new treatment for children and young adults (ages 1-39) with B-cell leukemia or lymphoma that did not respond to standard therapy. Researchers took the patients' own white blood cells, modified them in a lab to target the CD22 protein on cancer cells, and infu…

This early-phase trial tested a four-drug combination (entinostat, atezolizumab, carboplatin, and etoposide) in 3 people with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer that had not been treated before. The goal was to find a safe dose and see if the combination could be given for at…

This study tested adding the drug sunitinib to standard chemotherapy (cisplatin or carboplatin plus etoposide) for people with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, a fast-growing cancer that has spread. The trial had two parts: first finding the safest sunitinib dose, then ran…

This large Phase III trial tested whether adding the targeted drug dasatinib to standard chemotherapy improves outcomes for children and young adults with newly diagnosed, high-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), especially those with certain genetic mutations. Near…

This study tested whether adding bevacizumab to the immunotherapy drug ipilimumab helps people with advanced melanoma that cannot be surgically removed. 169 patients received either ipilimumab alone or ipilimumab plus bevacizumab. The goal was to see if the combination improves o…

This phase 2 trial tested whether adding immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab and ipilimumab) to standard chemotherapy (temozolomide) improves survival in 47 adults with newly diagnosed glioblastoma or gliosarcoma. Participants had their tumors surgically removed and completed…

This phase 2 trial tested a combination of two drugs—paclitaxel (given intravenously and directly into the abdomen) and oral nilotinib—in 21 adults with cancers (like colorectal, ovarian, or breast) that had spread to the lining of the abdomen and could not be surgically removed.…

This early-phase trial tested a new gene therapy for multiple myeloma, a blood cancer that often resists standard treatments. Researchers took participants' own immune cells (T cells), modified them in the lab to recognize a protein called BCMA on myeloma cells, and infused them …

This Phase 2 trial tested two oral drugs, sunitinib and cediranib, in 34 people with a rare, hard-to-treat cancer called alveolar soft part sarcoma that had spread. The drugs work by cutting off the tumor's blood supply. Participants were randomly assigned to one drug, and if the…

This early-phase trial tested whether adding the drug navtemadlin to standard radiation therapy before surgery is safe for people with soft tissue sarcoma. The goal was to find the best dose that limits side effects while potentially shrinking tumors, making surgery easier. 39 pa…

This study tested whether adding two drugs (carboplatin and bevacizumab) to standard chemotherapy before surgery helps shrink tumors in people with a fast-growing type of breast cancer called triple-negative. About 450 participants received different combinations of these drugs b…

This study tested whether adding an immunotherapy drug (dinutuximab) and immune-boosting medicines to standard treatment helps children with high-risk neuroblastoma stay cancer-free longer. About 1,400 children who had already received intensive chemotherapy and a stem cell trans…

This early-phase trial tested a combination of two cancer drugs, bortezomib and clofarabine, in 28 adults with advanced solid tumors, lymphomas, or myelodysplastic syndromes that had stopped responding to standard therapy. The main goal was to find the safest dose and check for s…

This study tested whether adding either veliparib or pembrolizumab to standard chemotherapy and radiation could improve outcomes for people with locally advanced rectal cancer. 363 participants received one of these combinations before surgery. The goal was to shrink tumors more …

This study compared standard radiation plus chemotherapy to radiation plus two immunotherapy drugs (ipilimumab and nivolumab) in 159 people with a newly diagnosed, aggressive brain cancer called MGMT-unmethylated glioblastoma. The goal was to see if the immunotherapy combination …

This early-phase trial tested an experimental drug called Z-Endoxifen in 40 adults with hormone receptor-positive cancers (like breast, ovarian, or desmoid tumors) that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The drug works by blocking estrogen from fueling cancer growth, …

This early-stage trial tested a combination of two drugs, magrolimab and dinutuximab, in 12 children and young adults whose neuroblastoma or osteosarcoma had returned or stopped responding to treatment. The main goals were to find the safest dose and see if the drugs could shrink…

This early-phase study tested a new approach for people whose B-cell cancers (like lymphoma or leukemia) came back after a donor stem cell transplant. Researchers took white blood cells from the original donor, genetically modified them to recognize and attack cancer cells, and g…

This study tested a drug called tazemetostat in 20 children whose cancers had come back or weren't responding to treatment. The children had specific gene changes (EZH2, SMARCB1, or SMARCA4) in their tumors. The goal was to see if the drug could shrink or slow the growth of these…

This study looked at adding a drug called veliparib to standard chemotherapy (FOLFIRI) for people with pancreatic cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. The goal was to see if the combination helped patients live longer. The trial included 123 adults whose cancer had …

This early-phase study tested a new mix of three drugs—IL-15, nivolumab, and ipilimumab—in 31 adults with cancers that no longer respond to standard treatments. The goal was to find the safest dose and see if the combination could help the immune system attack tumors. Participant…

This study looked at two different drug combinations for people with a type of blood cancer called follicular lymphoma that had not been treated before. One group received ofatumumab and bendamustine, while the other got those two drugs plus bortezomib. The goal was to see which …

This study tested a new treatment for cancers caused by HPV-16, such as cervical, throat, and anal cancers. Researchers took patients' white blood cells, added genes to help them recognize and attack cancer cells with the HPV E7 protein, and infused them back. The trial included …

This study tested giving a second round of radiation to people whose glioblastoma (a fast-growing brain tumor) came back after standard treatment. Seventeen adults aged 18 to 50 received daily radiation for 2-3 weeks. The goal was to find the safest highest dose and see how it af…

This study tested whether the drug palifermin could make stem cell transplants safer and reduce chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a serious complication where donor cells attack the patient's body. Thirty-four adults with blood cancers received palifermin before transplan…

This study tested whether giving the immunotherapy drug durvalumab alongside radiation works better than the standard cetuximab plus radiation for people with advanced head and neck cancer who cannot take the usual chemotherapy drug cisplatin. A total of 196 adults took part. The…

This early-stage trial tested a combination of two drugs, lenalidomide and blinatumomab, in 35 adults with non-Hodgkin lymphoma that had come back or stopped responding to treatment. The main goal was to find the safest dose and understand side effects. Researchers also looked at…

This early-phase trial tested a new drug called TdCyd in 27 adults with advanced solid tumors that had stopped responding to standard treatments. The drug is designed to turn back on genes that may slow tumor growth. The main goal was to find a safe dose and check for side effect…

This study tested whether adding a drug called oblimersen to standard chemotherapy (daunorubicin and cytarabine) helps older adults (60+) with untreated acute myeloid leukemia live longer or achieve remission. About 500 participants were randomly assigned to receive chemo with or…

This study tested whether adding two immunotherapy drugs (dinutuximab and GM-CSF) to standard chemotherapy is safe and doable for children newly diagnosed with high-risk neuroblastoma. Forty-two children took part. The goal was to see if the extra drugs cause too many side effect…

This study tested different combinations of immunotherapy drugs in 59 adults with advanced prostate cancer that no longer responds to hormone therapy. The goal was to see if these combinations are safe and can help shrink tumors or lower PSA levels. Participants received up to fo…

This study tested a special pump placed under the skin that sends chemotherapy directly to the liver through the hepatic artery. It was for people with colorectal cancer that had spread to the liver and who had already tried other chemotherapies. The goal was to see if this direc…

This study tested a combination of three drugs (carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) in 55 people with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma, a condition that often leads to active myeloma. The goal was to see if early treatment could reduce or eliminate cancer cells in …

This early-phase study tested a combination of four drugs (romidepsin, CC-486, dexamethasone, and lenalidomide) in 26 adults with T-cell cancers that had returned or stopped responding to standard treatments. The main goal was to find a safe dose and see how well patients tolerat…

This study tested a drug called pomalidomide in 34 adults with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) that didn't improve with standard treatments. GvHD can happen after a stem cell transplant when the donor cells attack the recipient's body. Participants took pomalidomide caps…

This study looked at whether giving a special antibody (edrecolomab) after surgery helps people with stage II colon cancer live longer. About 2,100 patients took part, some getting the antibody and some just being watched. The goal was to see if the antibody could kill any leftov…

This study tested whether adding a precise type of radiation (SBRT) to the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab helps control advanced Merkel cell carcinoma better than the drug alone. Nine adults with cancer that had spread took part. The goal was to see if the combination slowed tu…

This study tested a drug called trametinib in 260 people with low-grade ovarian or peritoneal cancer that returned or worsened. Trametinib works by blocking certain enzymes that help cancer cells grow. The goal was to see if it works better than standard treatments like hormone t…

This study tested whether adding trastuzumab (a targeted antibody) to standard chemoradiation helps people with HER2-positive esophageal cancer. About 200 patients participated. The goal was to see if the combination delays cancer return or spread. Results showed improved disease…

This early-phase study tested a highly targeted type of radiation (SBRT) in 17 men whose prostate cancer returned after prior radiation. The goal was to find the highest safe dose and see how well the body tolerated it. Participants received five focused treatments over two weeks…

This study tested a new combination of treatments for people with advanced gastric or head and neck cancer that had not responded to standard therapy. Participants received specially engineered natural killer (NK) cells along with two immunotherapy drugs to help the immune system…

This study tested a high-dose internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy) in 43 adults with cervical, endometrial, esophageal, prostate, or biliary cancer. The goal was to see if the radiation implants could be placed accurately to deliver the right dose. Participants received the…

This study tested the drug cabozantinib in 102 people with endometrial cancer that returned or spread. The goal was to see if the drug could shrink tumors or slow cancer growth by blocking certain enzymes and blood flow to tumors. The trial focused on how many patients responded …

This study tested whether adding a prostate cancer vaccine (PROSTVAC) and chemotherapy (docetaxel) to standard hormone therapy could help men whose prostate cancer had spread. 74 men with metastatic castrate-sensitive prostate cancer took part. The goal was to see if the combinat…

This early-phase study tested a combination of two drugs, sapanisertib and ziv-aflibercept, in 83 people with advanced solid tumors that had spread or could not be removed. The goal was to find the safest dose and check for side effects. The drugs work by blocking cancer cell gro…

This early-stage trial tested whether adding immunotherapy drugs (durvalumab, monalizumab, or oleclumab) to radiation therapy is safe for people with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer that cannot be removed by surgery. Twenty-six participants received different combinat…

This early-phase study tested a new drug (AZD8186) combined with chemotherapy (docetaxel) in 23 people with advanced solid tumors that have certain gene mutations (PTEN or PIK3CB). The main goal was to find the safest dose and understand side effects. The study is complete, and r…

This study tested the drug ibrutinib as a first treatment for people newly diagnosed with moderate to severe chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), a condition where donor cells attack the recipient's body after a stem cell transplant. Ten adults took ibrutinib daily for up t…

This large study tested whether giving chemotherapy directly into the abdomen (intraperitoneal) works better than standard IV chemo when both are combined with the drug bevacizumab. It included over 1,500 people with stage II–IV ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal canc…

This study tested two drugs, olaparib and ramucirumab, together in people with advanced stomach or gastroesophageal junction cancer that had spread or come back. The goal was to find the safest dose and see if the combination could shrink tumors. 51 participants took part in this…

This study tested an oral drug called Minnelide in 16 adults with a rare, aggressive form of pancreatic cancer (ASCP) that had not responded to prior treatments. The goal was to see if the drug could shrink tumors or stop them from growing for at least 16 weeks. Participants took…

This study looked at two ways to manage ovarian cancer risk in 40 women with BRCA gene mutations or strong family history. One group had preventive surgery to remove ovaries and fallopian tubes, while the other group had regular CA-125 blood tests every 3 months. Researchers trac…

This study tested whether using a virtual reality (VR) headset at home could help reduce anxiety and distress in adults with primary brain tumors. Sixty-one participants used VR to view calming, computer-generated environments. The goal was to see if this approach was practical a…

This study looked at whether a 12-week physical activity program could improve memory and attention in children ages 8-17 who had radiation for a brain tumor at least 2 years ago. 36 children were split into two groups: one started the exercise program right away, the other conti…

This pilot study tested whether PET-CT scans can detect leukemia that has spread outside the bone marrow in patients with relapsed or hard-to-treat B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Ten participants received a PET scan before and after CAR T-cell therapy. The goal was to…

This study follows up on a large trial from the 1980s where over 33,000 people in Linxian, China, took vitamin and mineral supplements to see if they could prevent esophageal and stomach cancer. Researchers are now tracking cancer cases and deaths in the years after the supplemen…

This study followed over 1,200 people with brain or spinal cord tumors to learn more about these cancers. Researchers collected medical history, blood samples, and tumor tissue to study the disease and identify possible new treatments. The goal was to improve understanding and co…

This study followed 17 adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) for up to 2 years to see how their skin tumors grow and change. Researchers took detailed photos and skin samples to measure tumor growth and look for genes that might affect tumor behavior. The goal was to better …

This study looked at genetic information from over 1,300 stored tumor samples from people with lymphoma, leukemia, or multiple myeloma. Researchers used DNA microarrays and other tools to find genetic patterns that might explain why some patients respond well to treatment while o…

This study looked at whether standard radiation treatment for cancer that has spread to the brain causes changes in thinking skills like memory and attention. 35 adults with brain metastases received radiation and took tests and surveys before and after treatment. The goal was to…

This completed study enrolled 326 adults with rare central nervous system tumors, such as medulloblastoma and ependymoma. Participants completed surveys about their health, symptoms, and exposures, and provided a saliva sample for genetic analysis. The goal was to better understa…

This completed study looked at people with three rare genetic diseases that affect the body's ability to repair DNA: xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), Cockayne syndrome (CS), and trichothiodystrophy (TTD). Researchers examined 709 participants, including patients and their family membe…

This study looked at 629 children in California to see if pesticides in homes or nearby farms are linked to childhood leukemia. Researchers collected dust samples and mapped nearby crops to measure pesticide exposure. The goal is to understand what might cause this common childho…

This study looked at the DNA of over 7,700 people to find genetic clues about why some people get esophageal and stomach cancers. Researchers collected tissue and blood samples from patients and healthy volunteers in China. The goal is to identify high-risk individuals and develo…

This study tested whether a mindful self-compassion program could be adapted for young adults aged 18 to 29 with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a genetic condition that greatly raises cancer risk. Seven participants attended a one-day demonstration and gave feedback on how to make the pro…

This study looked at 200 women aged 25-55 who have a high genetic risk of breast cancer due to BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations. Researchers tested new screening methods like breast MRI and duct lavage alongside standard mammograms to see if they could detect cancer earlier. The goa…

This study created a large collection of biological samples (like sputum, blood, and urine) from over 9,700 tin miners in China who are at very high risk for lung cancer due to exposure to radon, arsenic, and tobacco. The goal was to find early markers that could help detect lung…

This study aims to understand why testicular cancer sometimes runs in families. Researchers will collect DNA samples and medical information from about 750 people in families with multiple cases of testicular cancer. No treatment is given; the goal is to find genes that increase …

This study looks at genes to find out why some people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have more medical problems than others. Researchers will examine patients, their family members, and people with rare NF1 features. The goal is to identify genes that affect disease severity…

This study aimed to create a blood test that could predict if ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer would come back after remission. Researchers looked for specific protein patterns, called a 'fingerprint,' in the blood of 119 women with stage III or IV cancer who were in…

This study tested a document called Voicing My CHOiCES to help young adults (ages 18-39) with cancer or other chronic illnesses plan their future medical care. Participants filled out surveys about anxiety, support, and communication, then used the document to record their care p…

This completed study enrolled 377 individuals and families with a high risk of breast or ovarian cancer due to known or suspected genetic factors. Researchers collected medical records, questionnaires, and biological samples to better understand the disease's natural history and …

This study looked at how radiation therapy changes the brains and bodies of children with central nervous system tumors. Researchers measured things like memory, quality of life, and blood markers in 76 kids over 5 years. The goal was to learn more about side effects, not to test…

This study looked at nearly 1,900 male farmers over age 50 to see if pesticides are linked to early signs of blood cancers like multiple myeloma. Researchers collected blood and urine samples and asked about pesticide use. No treatment was given—the goal was simply to understand …

This study tested whether iPhones and Apple Watches can reliably collect health data from people with cancer. 49 adults undergoing cancer treatment wore an Apple Watch and used an iPhone for 4 months to track activity, fatigue, and thinking skills. The goal was to see if these de…

This study collected information from 733 people with a personal or family history of hereditary stomach cancer. The goal was to better understand how these cancers develop and what genes are involved. Participants provided medical history, blood samples, and genetic testing. The…

This study looked at how common BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations are in Hispanic/Latino women with breast cancer. Researchers collected saliva samples and medical history from 266 participants to better understand these mutations in this group. No treatment was given; the goal was …

This study looked at whether newer imaging techniques can better detect when a person with early blood conditions (MGUS or smoldering myeloma) is developing active multiple myeloma. Thirty-one adults with these conditions received three types of scans: a standard PET/CT, an exper…

This study collected tumor tissue and blood samples from 64 people with advanced or treatment-resistant cancers. The goal was to store these samples for future research on how genes affect cancer and response to treatment. No direct treatment was given; the focus was on building …

This study looked at leftover tissue samples from 130 people with lymphoma or related conditions. Researchers measured proteins and chemical modifications on chromosomes to find patterns linked to different lymphoma types. The goal was to better understand the biology of these ca…

This study looked at 10 people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) to understand how benign tumors (plexiform neurofibromas) turn into a rare cancer called MPNST. Researchers used advanced scans and genetic testing of tumor samples to find better ways to detect cancer early. The …

This study looked at over 50,000 adults in Iran to understand why esophageal cancer is so common there. Researchers collected lifestyle information and samples like blood and hair to find possible causes such as diet, hot tea, and environmental exposures. The goal was to gather k…

This study tested whether machine learning can analyze facial expressions and voice recordings to measure pain in people with cancer. 83 participants, aged 12 and older, recorded short videos at clinic visits and at home over about 3 months. The goal was to see if this technology…

This study looked at why some women have dense breasts on mammograms and why that increases their risk of breast cancer. Researchers collected tissue samples, medical records, and health updates from 466 women aged 40-65 who were having a breast biopsy. The goal was to understand…

This study reviewed medical records of 730 people who had a bone marrow transplant between 2010 and 2015. The goal was to find out how often viral infections happen after transplant and what makes some people more likely to get them. No new treatments were tested; instead, resear…