Immune cell therapy shows promise for advanced melanoma – does adding radiation help?
NCT ID NCT01319565
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This study tested an experimental treatment for metastatic melanoma using a patient's own immune cells (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) grown in a lab and given back along with high-dose IL-2. Before the cell infusion, all patients received chemotherapy to suppress their immune system, and half also got total body irradiation. The goal was to see if adding radiation helped the cells work better. The trial enrolled 102 adults with metastatic melanoma and measured tumor shrinkage and survival.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), aldesleukin (IL-2), cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, and total body irradiation
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this approach could improve tumor shrinkage and survival for people with metastatic melanoma by boosting the immune system's ability to attack cancer.
- What could go wrong
- This is a phase 2 trial with 102 participants, so results are still preliminary. Adding total body irradiation increases side effects like immune suppression and infection risk, and may not improve outcomes over chemotherapy alone.
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Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Phase 2
Tests whether the treatment actually works, and watches for side effects, in a larger group.
- Participants
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102 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Mar 2011
- Finished
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Sep 2024
- Lead sponsor
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A government research agency
The lead sponsor is the US National Institutes of Health.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 to 66 years
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
* INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Measurable metastatic melanoma with at least one lesion that is resectable for tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) generation. The lesion must be of at least 1cm in diameter that can be surgically removed with minimal morbidity (defined as any operation for which expected hospitalization less than or equal to 7 days). 2. Patients with 3 or less brain metastases are eligible. Note: If lesions are symptomatic or greater than or equal to 1 cm each, these lesions must have been treated and stable for 3 months for the patient to be eligible. 3. Greater than or equal to 18 years of age and less than or equal to 66 years of age. 4. Willing to practice birth control during treatment and for four months after receiving all protocol related therapy. 5. Life expectancy of greater than three months 6. Willing to sign a durable power of attorney. 7. Able to understand and sign the Informed Consent Document 8. Clinical performance status of eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0 or 1. 9. Hematology: * Absolute neutrophil count greater than 1000/mm(3) * Hemoglobin greater than 8.0 g/dl * Platelet count greater than 100,000/mm(3) j. Serology: * Seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody. (The experimental treatment being evaluated in this protocol depends on an intact immune system. Patients who are HIV seropositive can have decreased immune competence and thus be less responsive to the experimental treatment and more susceptible to its toxicities.) * Seronegative for hepatitis B antigen, or hepatitis C antibody or antigen. k. Chemistry: * Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) less than three times the upper limit of normal. * Calculated creatinine clearance (eGFR) \> 50 ml/min. * Total bilirubin less than or equal to 2 mg/dl, except in patients with Gilbert's Syndrome who must have a total bilirubin less than 3 mg/dl. l. More than four weeks must have elapsed since any prior systemic therapy at the time of randomization, and patient's toxicities must have recovered to a grade 1 or less (except for alopecia or vitiligo). Patients must have stable or progressing disease after prior treatment. Note: Patients may have undergone minor surgical procedures within the past 3 weeks, as long as all toxicities have recovered to grade 1 or less or as specified in the inclusion criteria. m. Six weeks must have elapsed since any prior anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA4) antibody therapy to allow antibody levels to decline. Note: Patients who have previously received ipilimumab or tremelimumab, anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) or anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies and have documented gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity must have a normal colonoscopy with normal colonic biopsies. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Prior cell transfer therapy which included a non-myeloablative or myeloablative chemotherapy regimen. 2. Women of child-bearing potential who are pregnant or breastfeeding because 10 of the potentially dangerous effects of the preparative chemotherapy on the fetus or infant. 3. Systemic steroid therapy requirement. 4. Active systemic infections, coagulation disorders or other active major medical illnesses of the cardiovascular, respiratory or immune system, as evidenced by a positive stress thallium or comparable test, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, obstructive or restrictive pulmonary disease. 5. Any form of primary immunodeficiency (such as Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). 6. Opportunistic infections (The experimental treatment being evaluated in this protocol depends on an intact immune system. Patients who have decreased immune competence may be less responsive to the experimental treatment and more susceptible to its toxicities.) 7. History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any of the agents used in this study. 8. History of coronary revascularization or ischemic symptoms. 9. Any patient known to have a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than or equal to 45%. 10. In patients \> 60 years old, documented LVEF of less than or equal to 45%. 11. Documented forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) less than or equal to 60% predicted tested in patients with: * A prolonged history of cigarette smoking (20 pk/year of smoking within the past 2 years) * Symptoms of respiratory dysfunction 12. Prior radiation therapy that, in the judgment of the radiation oncologist, precludes the administration of total body irradiation.
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States
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Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.
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