Second-Chance radiation: new hope for recurrent prostate cancer?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

* INCLUSION CRITERIA: * Patients must have histologically confirmed locally recurrent adenocarcinoma of the prostate after prior radiation (external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) or brachytherapy). * Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure after definitive radiation as defined by the Phoenix criteria (PSA elevation at least 2 nanograms (ng) per deciliter (dL) above post-radiotherapy nadir) * Age greater than or equal to 18 years. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status less than or equal to 2 (Karnofsky greater than or equal to 60%). * Ability of subject to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: * Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents. * PSA greater than or equal to 20 ng/dL if no prior 2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-\[(6-18F-fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino\]-pentyl}-ureido)-pentanedioic acid (18F-DCFPyL) scan obtained (If PSA \> 20 and 18F-DCFPyL obtained within 3 months prior to enrollment shows no evidence of metastatic disease, subjects may be included in the study) * Biochemical recurrence within one year of completion of radiotherapy * Need for chronic anticoagulation therapy (chronic low dose aspirin is not an exclusion) * Pre-existing and ongoing radiation-related grade 3 bowel or bladder toxicity * Inflammatory bowel disease * Active Lupus or Active scleroderma * Patients with distant metastatic disease (prostate adjacent adenopathy is not an exclusion) * Prior prostatectomy * Subjects with any coexisting medical or psychiatric condition that is likely to interfere with study procedures and/or results. * Subjects with severe claustrophobia that is unresponsive to oral anxiolytics * Other medical conditions deemed by the Principal Investigator (or associates) to make the subject unsafe or ineligible for protocol procedures * Subjects weighing \> 350 lbs. (weight limit for scanner table), or unable to fit within the imaging gantry * Serum creatinine \> 2 times the upper limit of normal * Total bilirubin \> 2 times the upper limit of normal OR in patients with Gilbert's syndrome, a total bilirubin \> 3.0. * Liver transaminases (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal * Patients with positive Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status and currently requiring treatment with agents known to sensitize to irradiation, such as protease inhibitors.