RECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA

This phase 2 trial tests a powerful mix of short-course radiation, chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6), an immunotherapy (PD-1 antibody), and a targeted drug (cetuximab or bevacizumab, depending on genetic markers) in people with high-risk rectal cancer that is mismatch repair proficient (pM…

This phase 2 trial will test whether adding immunotherapy drugs (cemiplimab alone or with fianlimab or REGN7075) to standard chemotherapy (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) can completely eliminate tumors in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer before surgery. The study plans…

This Phase 3 trial tests whether adding immunotherapy and a targeted drug to short-course radiotherapy and chemotherapy improves outcomes for people with high-risk rectal cancer. About 204 participants will receive either the standard treatment or the intensified combo. The study…

This phase 2 trial is testing a two-month course of chemotherapy (mFOLFOX) followed by short-course radiation before surgery for people with resectable rectal cancer. The goal is to see if this approach improves the chance of being cancer-free three years later. About 54 particip…

This phase II trial tests whether giving a combination of chemotherapy (FOLFOX) and two immunotherapy drugs (botensilimab and balstilimab) before surgery can eliminate rectal cancer without the need for surgery or radiation. The study includes adults with stage II or III rectal c…

This phase 2 trial compares two treatment plans for people with locally advanced rectal cancer that is mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) or microsatellite stable (MSS). One group receives standard short-course radiation followed by chemotherapy. The other group receives a newer a…

This study compares a new treatment approach for high-risk rectal cancer: short-course radiation followed by immunotherapy (toripalimab) and chemotherapy (FOLFOX) versus the standard long-course chemoradiation. The goal is to see if the new approach leads to more complete tumor r…

This phase 3 trial is testing whether adding the targeted drugs calderasib and cetuximab to standard chemotherapy can help people with a specific gene mutation (KRAS G12C) in advanced colorectal cancer live longer without their cancer growing. About 477 participants will receive …

This study looks at whether giving FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy before surgery helps people with mid or lower rectal cancer that has spread to the liver. The goal is to see if both the rectal tumor and liver spots can be completely removed. About 550 adults will take part, and the mai…

This study tests whether giving a higher radiation dose to the tumor can help people with early-stage rectal cancer keep their rectum instead of needing surgery. About 25 adults will receive targeted radiation using a special adaptive technique. The goal is to see if this approac…

This early-phase trial is testing whether people with stage II-III rectal cancer can safely avoid surgery by first receiving chemotherapy and then being closely monitored. The goal is to see if the rectum can be preserved without harming survival. Around 120 participants will be …

This Phase II trial tests whether adding a dual immunotherapy drug (iparomlimab/tuvonralimab) to standard chemoradiotherapy can improve outcomes for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer that has a specific genetic profile (pMMR/MSS), which usually does not respond to immu…

This study is testing whether the immunotherapy drug dostarlimab (TSR-042), followed by standard chemoradiation and surgery, can effectively treat advanced mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) solid tumors. About 212 adults with locally advanced dMMR cancers will receive the drug int…

This study tests whether low-risk rectal cancer patients can safely undergo surgery without a temporary stoma (a bag attached to the belly to collect waste). The trial will compare leak rates in 442 patients who either get a stoma or not. If skipping the stoma is shown to be safe…

This phase 2 trial tests whether adding two targeted drugs (tucatinib and trastuzumab) to standard chemotherapy can shrink HER2-positive rectal tumors before surgery. About 37 adults with locally advanced rectal cancer will receive the drug combo for 6 weeks, then continue it wit…

This study tests whether a combination of chemotherapy and radiation (total neoadjuvant therapy, or TNT) can shrink rectal tumors enough so that some patients can avoid surgery and instead be monitored closely. About 400 adults with early-stage rectal cancer will be randomly assi…

This study tests a new approach for people with a common type of locally advanced rectal cancer. It combines low-dose radiation with an immunotherapy drug (pucotenlimab) and chemotherapy before surgery. The goal is to see if this combination can make the tumor disappear completel…

This study tests a treatment plan for people with low rectal cancer that can be removed with surgery. Participants receive chemotherapy and an immunotherapy drug called tislelizumab before surgery. The goal is to see if this combination can make the cancer disappear completely, a…

This study tests whether patients with a specific type of rectal cancer (dMMR/MSI-H) can safely avoid surgery after immunotherapy. After six rounds of a PD-1 inhibitor, those whose tumors completely disappear will be monitored closely instead of undergoing standard treatments. Th…

This phase 3 trial compares two different oral chemotherapy drugs given alongside radiation before surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer. The standard drug, capecitabine, is being tested against a newer drug called TAS-102. The goal is to see if TAS-102 leads to more tumors …

This phase 2 trial is testing whether adding the antibiotic metronidazole to standard therapy can reduce harmful bacteria (F. nucleatum) in rectal cancer patients. About 60 adults with locally advanced rectal cancer will receive either standard treatment plus metronidazole or sta…

This phase 2 study tests a total neoadjuvant therapy approach for stage II or III rectal cancer. Participants receive short-course radiotherapy followed by 9 cycles of mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy before any surgery. The goal is to see how many patients achieve a complete response, mean…

This study is for people with rectal cancer that didn't fully go away after standard chemotherapy and radiation. Researchers want to see if giving a few extra doses of internal radiation (brachytherapy) can finish off the tumor and let patients keep their rectum instead of needin…

This early-phase trial tests whether a short course of radiation followed by chemotherapy can shrink advanced rectal tumors enough to avoid surgery. About 25 people with stage II or III rectal cancer will receive the treatment. The goal is to preserve the rectum and improve quali…

This phase 2 trial is testing a new approach for people with a specific type of rectal cancer that has spread to a few other spots in the body (oligometastases). The treatment combines short-course radiotherapy, chemotherapy (CAPEOX), and an immunotherapy drug called serplulimab …

This study tests whether adding the drug SHR-1701 to standard chemoradiotherapy can completely eliminate tumors in people with advanced rectal cancer before they have surgery. About 48 adults aged 18-75 with a specific type of rectal cancer will receive the treatment over several…

This early-phase trial tests whether MRI-guided adaptive radiation therapy, combined with the chemotherapy drug capecitabine, can safely treat rectal cancer while preserving the rectum. About 22 adults with stage I-III rectal cancer will receive escalating doses of radiation guid…

This phase 2 trial tests whether giving a combination of chemotherapy (oxaliplatin and capecitabine) and the immunotherapy drug tislelizumab before surgery can shrink or eliminate tumors in people with locally advanced rectal cancer. About 35 participants will receive three cycle…

This study tests a personalized, stage-based approach to treat rectal cancer while trying to avoid removing the rectum. 200 participants will receive either experimental chemoradiotherapy or minimally invasive surgery depending on their cancer stage. The goal is to preserve the r…

This study tests a combination of three drugs (trastuzumab-deruxtecan, capecitabine, and bevacizumab) as a first treatment for people with HER-2 positive colorectal cancer that has spread or cannot be removed by surgery. The goal is to see how well the drugs shrink tumors. About …

This study compares giving chemotherapy before surgery versus after surgery for people with locally advanced rectal cancer who have a low risk of the cancer coming back in the same area. The goal is to see which timing helps patients live longer without the cancer returning. Abou…

This study tests a new treatment called CHM-2101 for people with advanced gastrointestinal cancers (stomach, colon, rectal, or neuroendocrine tumors) that have stopped responding to standard therapies. The treatment uses the patient's own immune cells, which are modified in a lab…

This trial is testing whether a quick lab test during surgery can help some people with low rectal cancer avoid a major operation. After radiation therapy, patients with a good response undergo a small local excision. If the frozen section shows no deep cancer, they skip the larg…

This phase 3 trial compares standard versus higher-dose radiotherapy, combined with chemotherapy, in 162 people with early low or mid rectal cancer. The goal is to see if a higher dose helps more patients achieve a complete response and avoid surgery, preserving their rectum. Par…

This phase 2 trial tests a new treatment for early-stage rectal cancer that has not spread to lymph nodes. Instead of radiating the whole pelvis, doctors give a short course of radiation only to the tumor, followed by chemotherapy and an immunotherapy drug. The goal is to shrink …

This study is testing whether people with early- or intermediate-stage low rectal cancer can safely avoid major surgery if their tumor responds well to chemotherapy and radiation. Instead of removing the rectum, doctors will closely monitor patients using a "watch-and-wait" appro…

This study is for people with locally advanced rectal cancer that hasn't spread. It tests whether adding an immunotherapy drug (PD-1 inhibitor) to a standard treatment plan (short-course radiation plus chemotherapy and targeted therapy) can lead to a complete disappearance of the…

This study is testing whether people with rectal cancer who have a complete response to initial therapy can safely avoid surgery and instead be closely monitored. Researchers will track 200 participants to see how often the cancer stays away or comes back. The goal is to preserve…

This study is testing whether rinsing the rectal cavity with a saltwater or iodine solution during laparoscopic surgery can prevent local recurrence of mid-to-low rectal cancer. About 1,600 patients will be randomly assigned to receive the wash or not, and they will be followed f…

This study looks at whether people with rectal cancer can stick to a ketogenic diet (very low carbs, high fat) during chemoradiation. About 194 participants will be randomly assigned to either the ketogenic diet or a standard Mediterranean diet for 5 weeks. The main goal is to se…

This study is looking at how short-course radiation therapy (5 days of treatment) affects the immune system in people with rectal cancer. Researchers will collect blood, stool, and tumor tissue samples before, during, and after radiation to study these changes. The goal is to bet…

This study looks at whether having a healthcare provider directly contact close relatives of people with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer leads to more genetic testing than having the patient share the information themselves. About 4,186 patients and their relatives will take pa…

This study looks at whether preserving the left colic artery during colon or rectal cancer surgery helps keep the remaining colon well-supplied with blood. Surgeons will temporarily clamp the main artery and use a green dye to measure blood flow. The goal is to see if this techni…

This study is building a smart model that uses scans, gut bacteria, and blood tests to see if rectal cancer patients can safely avoid surgery after initial treatment. Researchers will follow 869 patients to find out who can use a 'watch-and-wait' approach instead of an operation.…

This study looks at tiny particles called exosomes in the blood of 30 adults with rectal cancer who are getting chemotherapy and radiation before surgery. The goal is to see if changes in these particles can predict how well the tumor responds to treatment. This is an observation…

This study follows 430 people with stage I-IV rectal cancer to measure their quality of life after surgery. Participants fill out questionnaires about their well-being and daily function. The goal is to learn how surgery impacts patients over time, not to test a new treatment.

This study follows 100 adults with rectal cancer for 2 years after surgery to see how bowel function changes over time. Researchers will compare different treatment plans to find out which ones lead to better bowel control and quality of life. The goal is to help doctors and pati…

This study looks at whether a simple blood test can help doctors decide if rectal cancer patients can avoid surgery and keep their rectum. Researchers will measure tiny bits of tumor DNA in the blood (ctDNA) before, during, and after standard treatment. The goal is to see if chan…