RECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA

This pilot study tests whether a purified green tea extract called EGCG can help prevent colon cancer from coming back after surgery. 51 patients who had their colon cancer removed took either the extract or a placebo. Researchers are checking for changes in DNA methylation, a ma…

This study tests whether giving patients their own stool bacteria through a temporary stoma can reduce inflammation in the unused part of the colon, a condition called diversion colitis. Sixty-six people with rectal cancer who have a temporary ileostomy will receive either a dail…

This study tested whether placing a temporary drain in the pelvis after rectal cancer surgery reduces the risk of serious infections like leaks or abscesses. About 500 patients were randomly assigned to receive a drain or not. The main goal was to see if drainage lowered pelvic s…

This phase 3 trial tested whether adding two months of Folfirinox chemotherapy before standard radiation and chemo could help more patients with early-stage rectal cancer avoid major surgery. 218 adults with small, low-lying tumors were enrolled. The goal was to see if more patie…

This study tested a newer, less invasive surgery called ETAP (done through the anus) against standard laparoscopic surgery (done through the belly) for low rectal cancer. 226 adults took part. The goal was to see if ETAP is as good at removing all cancer while possibly leading to…

This completed Phase 2 trial tested whether a special DNA-based test could predict how well patients with stomach or rectal cancer respond to immunotherapy (tislelizumab) combined with chemotherapy and/or radiation. 189 adults with advanced cancer participated. The goal was to se…

This phase II trial tested two different drug combinations in 240 people with advanced HER2-positive colorectal cancer that had spread and could not be removed by surgery. One group received the antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab, while the other received cetuximab (an antibod…

This study looked at whether removing the primary rectal tumor before starting chemotherapy helps people with rectal cancer that has spread to other organs (but cannot be cured) live longer. Only 5 people took part, and the trial was completed early. The results are too limited t…

This study tested a shorter radiation course combined with TASOX chemotherapy in 13 people with stage II/III rectal cancer before surgery. The goal was to shrink tumors and make surgery more effective. Results showed the treatment was safe and helped reduce cancer stage, but ongo…

This phase II trial tested whether adding veliparib or pembrolizumab to standard chemotherapy and radiation therapy helps shrink tumors in people with locally advanced rectal cancer. 363 participants received either standard treatment or one of the experimental combinations. The …

This phase 2 trial tested a two-step surgical procedure called delayed coloanal anastomosis (2SCA) in 124 patients with medium or lower rectal cancer. The goal was to see if this technique lowers the rate of dangerous leaks at the surgical connection and reduces the need for a co…

This study tested a new digital scope called LUMENEYE to see if it can better measure how much a rectal tumor has shrunk after chemotherapy and radiation. 82 patients who were good candidates for organ preservation were included. The goal was to see if the scope could help doctor…

This study tested whether a temporary stent placed inside the bowel could replace a traditional ileostomy (a bag outside the body) after rectal cancer surgery. 570 patients at high risk for leaks were randomly assigned to either the stent or ileostomy. The goal was to see if the …

This study tested whether sending personalized text messages could help colorectal cancer survivors eat more whole grains and less refined grains. Forty-six survivors who had finished active treatment received text messages and nutrition materials. The main goal was to see if peo…

This study investigates whether having an empty bladder reduces movement of the mesorectum (tissue around the rectum) during radiotherapy for rectal cancer. About 50 adults with rectal cancer receive planning CT scans and weekly CBCT scans under both empty and full bladder condit…

This completed phase 2 study tested whether a new type of PET scan (FAPI-PET/CT) can accurately predict if rectal cancer has completely disappeared after a combination of short-course radiation, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. Fifty-two patients with locally advanced rectal canc…

This study looked at whether using a special dye (indocyanine green) during laparoscopic surgery for colon or rectal cancer can help surgeons see blood flow in real time and reduce the risk of a dangerous leak where the bowel is reconnected. Researchers compared 115 patients who …

This study looked at 690 rectal cancer patients to see if the size of a specific artery (the middle rectal artery) on MRI scans could help predict whether cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes. The goal was to create a tool that helps doctors decide if more extensive surgery is…

This study looked at 3500 rectal cancer patients who had minimally invasive surgery to see if computer models could better predict a common side effect called Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS), which causes bowel control problems. Researchers tested seven different methods, …

This study looked at how ultralow rectal cancer spreads within the bowel wall in 106 patients. The goal was to understand the pattern of spread to help surgeons decide how much tissue to remove during surgery. By learning these patterns, doctors hope to create more personalized t…