INSULIN RESISTANCE

This study tested whether a specific 12-week exercise program could improve how the body uses insulin and the health of blood vessels in women with insulin resistance. 49 women aged 25-45 were assigned to either follow the new circuit training routine or maintain their usual acti…

This study tested if a phone-based program using text messages and small financial rewards could help teens and young adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes become more physically active. It involved 75 participants aged 13 to 22. The goal was to see if this approach could in…

This study tested if combining time-restricted eating (fasting for 14 hours, eating within 10) with a low-energy-dense diet (foods with fewer calories per bite) helps older adults with obesity and insulin resistance. For 8 weeks, 40 participants followed the eating schedule and r…

This study tested if swapping white rice for sorghum rice for one week could help people with prediabetes. Researchers studied 26 police officers with prediabetes, having half eat sorghum rice and half eat white rice. They measured levels of leptin, a hormone related to appetite …

This study tested whether a medication called amiloride could improve the health and flexibility of blood vessels in overweight adults with insulin resistance. It involved 137 men and women, aged 30-70, who were randomly assigned to receive either amiloride or a placebo pill for …

This study tested whether a low daily dose of colchicine, an anti-inflammatory drug used for gout, could improve how the body processes sugar in people with obesity. Researchers enrolled 152 adults and adolescents who were overweight, had signs of body-wide inflammation, and high…

This study tested whether simply sleeping longer could improve the body's ability to use sugar (glucose) in people with obesity. Researchers asked half of the 31 participants to increase their time in bed to get more than 7 hours of sleep per night, while the other half kept thei…

This study tested whether adding a mangosteen fruit supplement to standard diabetes medication (sitagliptin/metformin) improved health outcomes for adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Over 12 weeks, researchers compared two groups—one taking just the medication and one t…

This study tested whether inositol, an over-the-counter dietary supplement, could help reduce excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Researchers compared three different doses of inositol against a placebo pill in 154 women over three months. They me…

This small, completed study explored whether eating sourdough bread fermented for different lengths of time affects blood sugar levels after a meal in adults with prediabetes. Researchers tested if bread with longer fermentation (and more natural acids) caused a smaller, slower r…

This study tested if combining a traditional herbal supplement (Cistanche deserticola extract) with a supervised aerobic exercise program could help men with central obesity. For 18 weeks, 125 participants either followed the exercise and supplement plan or received general lifes…

This study looked at whether the medication metformin helps improve hormone levels and reduce symptoms in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), compared to lifestyle changes alone. 110 women with PCOS took metformin for 8 weeks. Researchers measured their hormone and infla…

This study tested a flexible lifestyle program for people with conditions like insulin resistance, obesity, or prediabetes. It started with either nutrition or exercise counseling. If a person's insulin resistance didn't improve enough after 8 weeks, the program could switch them…

This study directly compared four common approaches for managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) over 12 weeks. Researchers assigned 192 women with PCOS to take either metformin, inositol supplements, follow a calorie-restricted diet, or use all three treatments combined. The go…

This study followed 110 adults with obesity or overweight plus liver disease to see how well they could stick to different versions of a very-low-calorie ketogenic diet in regular medical care. Participants chose from four diet plans that varied in how much they used natural food…

This study tested if drinking a carbohydrate-rich beverage two hours before heart surgery helps the body manage blood sugar better compared to drinking water. Researchers enrolled 50 adult patients and measured their insulin and blood sugar levels before and after surgery. The go…

This study tested whether a 6-week mindfulness training program could help overweight teenagers who are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Researchers compared mindfulness training against two other approaches—cognitive behavioral therapy and health education—to see which wa…

This study tested whether a daily chromium picolinate supplement could reduce the severity of dark, velvety skin patches (acanthosis nigricans) and improve the body's response to insulin in adolescents. For 24 weeks, 90 teens with both conditions took either the supplement or a p…

This study looked at whether two simpler blood tests could work as well as the standard test for finding insulin resistance, a condition that can lead to type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Researchers analyzed health data from 150 adults who were not on diabetes medication. They …

This study tested whether eating a small daily dose of honey could improve insulin resistance in obese women, potentially helping to prevent type 2 diabetes. Twenty premenopausal women with insulin resistance were assigned to consume either honey or a gelatin dessert (Jell-O) dai…

This study tested whether a 6-week group therapy program for depression could improve the body's response to insulin and help prevent type 2 diabetes in at-risk teenage girls. Researchers compared the therapy group to a health education group and followed 147 participants for one…

This study aimed to understand how different types of trans fats—from natural dairy sources versus industrial processing—affect insulin resistance in obese women. Sixty-six women with higher body weight and waist measurements consumed enriched butter, dairy products, and biscuits…

This study aimed to understand if taking fish oil supplements could boost the benefits of exercise for reducing harmful inflammation linked to obesity. Researchers enrolled 129 overweight adults with prediabetes and high triglycerides. They tested whether combining fish oil with …

This study aimed to understand exactly how strength training improves the body's ability to use insulin and builds muscle in older adults with insulin resistance, a condition that often leads to type 2 diabetes. Researchers compared 58 adults, some who did supervised strength tra…

This small Mayo Clinic study aimed to understand how specific immune cells called eosinophils interact with body fat in people with obesity and insulin resistance. Researchers enrolled 4 participants who were undergoing a weight-loss procedure to collect fat tissue and blood samp…

This study aimed to understand if the brain's master clock, which controls daily rhythms, is disrupted in people with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Researchers used a powerful brain scanner to measure the clock's activity in 28 obese adults with varying levels of insuli…

This study aimed to develop a new computer algorithm to assess insulin resistance in real time for patients in intensive care. Researchers used data from continuous glucose monitors worn by 179 critically ill patients to create a less invasive tracking method. The goal was to see…

This small, early-stage study aimed to understand how lowering insulin levels affects blood sugar in people at risk for fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. Eighteen participants with obesity and insulin resistance underwent two specialized medical procedures where their natu…

This study aims to understand if a specific type of immune cell can cause insulin resistance, which is linked to high insulin levels and conditions like type 2 diabetes. Researchers will analyze blood samples from 30 people who were in a previous health study. The goal is to see …

This study aimed to understand how drinking beverages with different sweeteners for three weeks affects the body's blood sugar control and gut health. Researchers compared sucralose (a low-calorie sweetener), refined sugar, and 100% natural fruit juice in 42 healthy young adults.…

This study aimed to understand why people with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have a higher risk of developing diabetes. Researchers compared 48 people with OSA, some who had low oxygen levels (hypoxia) and some who did not, to see if low oxygen caused more severe insulin resistan…

This study aimed to understand a protein called betatrophin in teenagers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Researchers compared betatrophin levels in 90 teens with PCOS to healthy teens and checked if weight made a difference. The goal was to see if this protein is linked to…

This study aimed to see if drinking orange juice daily could improve how the body uses insulin, a key hormone for blood sugar control. It involved 36 otherwise healthy but overweight women who drank either orange juice or a control drink for three months. Researchers measured ins…

This small study aimed to understand if a child's physical fitness level affects how their body processes a high-fat meal. Researchers tested 15 children and teens, measuring their fitness on a treadmill and then analyzing blood markers after they drank a high-fat shake. The goal…

This study aimed to understand why some people develop type 2 diabetes by looking at genetic and environmental factors. Researchers enrolled 1,759 adults to measure their body composition, insulin function, and glucose tolerance, and collected tissue and DNA samples. The goal was…

This study explored whether a single session of exercise could improve how the brain responds to insulin in middle-aged and older adults. Researchers enrolled 16 participants aged 40-80 who were overweight and not regularly active. They measured brain blood flow and cognitive fun…

This study aimed to understand why common screening tests for diabetes and heart disease often fail women of African descent. Researchers compared risk factors like blood sugar, body fat, and triglycerides in 146 healthy African, African-American, and white women who were federal…

This study aimed to see if a blood test taken before weight loss surgery could predict how well a patient would do afterward. Researchers followed 23 patients who had gastric bypass surgery, checking their blood for a marker called PTX3 beforehand. They then tracked the patients'…

This completed study aimed to understand how the body's immune system activity relates to insulin resistance, a condition that can lead to type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Researchers measured many immune markers and health factors in 158 volunteers aged 55 to 69. The goal was …

This study aimed to find out if measuring a specific protein (IRAP) in the blood could be a simple way to check how sensitive a person's body is to insulin, which is important for blood sugar control. Researchers tested this idea in 21 healthy young adults by comparing the IRAP l…

This small, early-stage study aimed to understand if lowering high insulin levels could affect how the liver handles fat in people with fatty liver disease. For two weeks, 24 adults with overweight/obesity and insulin resistance took either a drug called diazoxide or a placebo. R…

This study aimed to understand how not getting enough sleep might lead to insulin resistance, a key factor in type 2 diabetes. Researchers studied 40 healthy men by restricting their sleep and measuring changes in hormones like cortisol and testosterone. The goal was to gather kn…

This study looked at whether higher vitamin D levels are linked to a lower risk of metabolic syndrome (a cluster of conditions like high blood pressure and insulin resistance) in older adults who do not have a vitamin D deficiency. Researchers surveyed nearly 2,000 community-dwel…

This study aimed to understand how different workout intensities affect a hormone called ghrelin, which controls hunger and metabolism. Researchers compared high and low-intensity exercise in 40 lean and obese adults, some with prediabetes, to see how it changed hormone levels, a…

This study aimed to find the right dose of a fatty acid infusion that causes a mild, temporary state of insulin resistance in healthy volunteers. Nine healthy people received fat infusions while their bodies' response to insulin was carefully measured. The goal was to establish a…

This study aimed to understand if low vitamin D levels are linked to metabolic issues like insulin resistance and belly fat in teenage girls with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Researchers compared 70 girls with PCOS to 40 healthy girls, measuring their vitamin D, blood sugar,…