INSULIN RESISTANCE

This study looked at whether a low-carb, high-fat (ketogenic) diet with fewer calories can reduce harmful substances in the blood and improve insulin function in adults with prediabetes and obesity. 90 participants aged 18-40 were split into three groups: one on a keto diet, one …

This study looked at whether taking fish oil supplements while exercising can lower inflammation linked to obesity. 129 overweight or obese adults with high triglycerides and prediabetes took part. Researchers measured changes in blood markers of inflammation, cholesterol, blood …

This study tested whether a 6-week mindfulness program could help teens at risk for type 2 diabetes who also have depression. 120 teens aged 12-17 took part. The goal was to see if the program was practical and well-received, and if it could lower depression and insulin resistanc…

This study tested whether amiloride, a drug that blocks a sodium channel (ENaC), can improve artery function and reduce stiffness in overweight adults with insulin resistance. 137 pre- and postmenopausal women and age-matched men participated. The main measure was carotid-femoral…

This study looked at how well adults with obesity or complicated overweight follow and tolerate different very-low-calorie ketogenic diets. Participants chose one of four diet plans, ranging from natural foods to meal replacements, and were followed for about 26 weeks. The goal w…

This study looked at 192 women with PCOS to see which treatment works best: metformin, inositol, a low-calorie diet, or all three combined. Over 12 weeks, researchers measured changes in weight, insulin resistance, and menstrual regularity. The goal is to find the most effective …

This study tested whether a personalized lifestyle program could help adults with insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes, or related conditions improve their metabolic health. Forty participants first received either nutrition or exercise counseling. Those who didn't improve after…

This study looked at whether drinking a carbohydrate-rich beverage two hours before heart surgery could reduce insulin resistance—a condition where the body struggles to manage blood sugar, which can slow recovery. Fifty adults undergoing heart surgery with a bypass machine were …

This study looked at whether eating honey daily could improve insulin resistance in obese women who are at risk for diabetes. Twenty women between 19 and 45 years old took part. Researchers measured their blood sugar, insulin, and other health markers after they ate honey and aft…

This study tested whether eating only during a 10-hour window each day, combined with foods that are lower in calories per bite, can help older adults with obesity and insulin resistance. 40 participants followed either a low-energy dense diet or their usual diet within the eatin…

This study looked at whether a 12-week program combining strength and endurance exercises (circuit training) could help women with insulin resistance improve how their bodies use insulin and keep blood vessels healthy. About 49 women aged 25-45 with insulin resistance but not dia…

This study tested whether taking a Cistanche deserticola extract along with 18 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise could improve body composition, insulin resistance, and inflammation in 125 men aged 50-55 with central obesity. Participants were randomly assigned to either the c…

This study tested whether inositol, a natural supplement, can improve hormone levels in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). 154 women with irregular periods and high male hormones took different doses of inositol to see if it lowered testosterone and improved insulin res…

This study tested whether taking a mangosteen supplement (500 mg twice daily) along with the standard diabetes drugs sitagliptin and metformin could improve blood sugar control in adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. 47 patients completed the 12-week trial. The study meas…

This study looked at whether taking phytosterols (natural plant compounds) for 3 months could improve liver health, cholesterol, and insulin levels in 27 adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Participants took daily supplements while researchers tracked changes in…

This study tested whether colchicine, a common anti-inflammatory medicine, could improve metabolism in people with obesity who have high inflammation and high insulin levels but not yet high blood sugar. About 152 adults and teens took colchicine or a placebo daily for 12 weeks. …

This study tested whether the drug metformin helps improve fertility-related hormones and reduce inflammation in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). 110 women with PCOS took metformin for 8 weeks and provided blood samples and symptom reports at the start and end. The go…

This study looked at whether eating sorghum rice instead of white rice for one week could improve health markers in people with prediabetes. Twenty-six police officers with prediabetes were split into two groups: one ate sorghum rice, the other white rice. Researchers measured ch…

This study looked at whether two easy-to-get blood test scores (TGI and TGI-BMI) can detect insulin resistance as well as the standard HOMA-IR test, which requires a special insulin blood draw. Researchers analyzed data from 150 adults and found that both simpler tests were highl…

This study tested whether a daily chromium picolinate supplement could reduce the severity of acanthosis nigricans (dark, thick skin patches) and improve insulin resistance in 90 adolescents aged 12-18. Participants took either the supplement or a placebo for 24 weeks, with regul…

This study looked at whether antioxidants in orange juice can help the body respond better to insulin. Overweight but otherwise healthy women drank either orange juice or a similar-tasting drink every day for three months. Researchers measured insulin sensitivity, cholesterol, an…

This study tested a program that used text messages and financial rewards to encourage physical activity in 75 teens and young adults (ages 13-22) with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Participants wore a Fitbit and received motivational texts and small incentives to increase thei…

This study looked at how resistance exercise (like weight lifting) improves insulin sensitivity and muscle health in people with insulin resistance and obesity. Researchers studied 58 adults aged 50-75 to understand changes in muscle strength, insulin response, and body compositi…

This study looked at how different exercise intensities change levels of ghrelin, a hormone that controls hunger, in 40 adults with obesity and prediabetes. Researchers measured ghrelin in the blood and checked appetite, insulin sensitivity, and blood vessel function. The goal wa…

This study looked at whether sleeping longer can improve how the body processes sugar in people with obesity. 31 adults who slept less than 7 hours a night were split into two groups: one tried to sleep more, the other kept their usual habits. Researchers measured changes in insu…

This study looked at how different amounts of insulin affect blood sugar in people with overweight, prediabetes, and fatty liver disease. Researchers used a special clamp technique to carefully control insulin levels and measure changes. The goal was to better understand the role…

This study looked at how drinking beverages with different sweeteners—low-calorie sweetener (sucralose), refined sugar, or natural fruit juice—affects blood sugar control and gut health in healthy adults. 42 participants consumed these drinks for three weeks, and researchers meas…

This study looked at whether a short therapy program for depression could help prevent type 2 diabetes in teenage girls at high risk. The girls were ages 12-17, overweight, had mild to moderate depression, and a family history of diabetes. Researchers compared the therapy group t…

This study examined 549 older adults to see if there is a connection between metabolic syndrome and vitamin D levels. Researchers collected health information and blood samples from participants aged 65 and older. The goal was to understand how these factors relate, not to test a…

This study looked at how certain immune cells (eosinophils) interact with fat tissue in people with obesity and insulin resistance. Four participants had fat biopsies and blood tests to measure immune cell levels and inflammation. The goal was to better understand these interacti…

This study looked at whether three weeks of alternate-day fasting (eating normally one day, fasting the next) changes how the heart and brain use energy compared to a typical Western diet. Sixteen overweight adults aged 55-70 with insulin resistance took part. Researchers used ad…

This study looked at how certain immune cells (called peripheral blood mononuclear cells) might affect the body's response to insulin. Researchers took blood samples from 30 healthy volunteers and tested whether substances released by these cells could block insulin signals in li…

This study looked at levels of a protein called betatrophin in 90 teenage girls with and without PCOS. Researchers wanted to see if betatrophin is linked to insulin resistance and body weight. The goal was to better understand the metabolic problems that often come with PCOS.

This study looked at how one session of exercise changes the brain's response to insulin in adults aged 40 to 80 who are overweight or obese. Researchers used MRI scans to measure brain activity and tested memory and thinking skills. The goal was to learn more about how exercise …

This early-stage study looked at how lowering high insulin levels with a drug called diazoxide affects the liver in people with or at risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 24 adults with overweight or obesity took either a low or high dose of diazoxide or a placebo …

This study looked at the brain's central clock (the suprachiasmatic nucleus) in 28 people with different stages of insulin resistance, including those with type 2 diabetes. Using advanced MRI scans, researchers measured how the clock responded to light. The goal was to understand…

This study looked at how not getting enough sleep changes levels of two hormones, cortisol and testosterone, and whether these changes lead to insulin resistance, a key step toward type 2 diabetes. Researchers also examined effects on food cravings, mood, and inflammation. Forty …

This study aimed to find the smallest amount of fatty acids that causes mild insulin resistance in healthy people. Nine volunteers received a fatty acid infusion to see how it affects their body's ability to use insulin. The results will help design future studies on type 2 diabe…

This study looked at 146 healthy women of African, African-American, and white backgrounds to see if race affects how we screen for diabetes and heart disease. Participants had blood tests, body fat measurements, and meal tests over four visits. The goal was to find the best scre…

This study looked at 48 adults with obstructive sleep apnea to see if those with low oxygen levels have more insulin resistance in the liver and fat tissue. Researchers measured fat production and liver fat using special scans and tests. The goal was to understand why sleep apnea…

This study looked at how trans fats from natural sources (like dairy) and industrial sources (like processed foods) affect insulin resistance in 66 obese women. The goal was to see if these different types of trans fats have different effects on the body's ability to use insulin.…

This study aimed to understand why some people develop type 2 diabetes by looking at genetic and lifestyle factors. About 1,759 overweight adults aged 18-55 took part in tests measuring how their bodies handle sugar and store energy. The goal was to find genetic markers and early…

This study created a new method to check insulin resistance in real time for very sick patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Instead of using invasive tests, the method uses continuous glucose monitoring data. Researchers studied 179 adults to see how well this new approach …

This study looked at whether a protein called IRAP, found in the blood, can be used as a marker for insulin sensitivity (how well the body uses insulin). Researchers tested 21 healthy adults using a precise method called a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. The goal was to see if…

This study tested whether a blood marker called PTX3 can predict how well people with obesity respond to gastric bypass surgery. Researchers followed 23 adults for 6 months after surgery, measuring weight loss, inflammation, and insulin resistance. The goal was to see if PTX3 lev…

This study looked at whether the diabetes drug metformin can slow aging in people without diabetes. Researchers wanted to see if the drug works differently depending on how sensitive a person is to insulin. Over 12 weeks, 101 healthy adults took either metformin or a placebo. The…

This study examined 158 adults aged 55 to 69 to see if certain immune system markers are linked to insulin resistance, a condition that can lead to diabetes. Researchers measured blood cells, gut bacteria, and other health indicators to find patterns that might help identify at-r…

This study looked at how two different but equally healthy diet plans affect insulin levels and other markers of metabolic health in people who are overweight or at risk for diabetes. Researchers measured changes in blood sugar, cholesterol, and metabolism in 52 adults. The goal …

This small study looked at whether sourdough bread made with a longer fermentation time (which increases natural acids) can lower blood sugar spikes in adults with prediabetes. Five participants ate different sourdough breads and had their blood sugar measured afterward. The goal…

This study compared vitamin D levels and metabolic markers in 70 adolescent girls with PCOS and 40 healthy teens aged 12-19. Researchers measured blood sugar, insulin, cholesterol, and belly fat thickness using ultrasound. The goal was to understand how vitamin D deficiency might…

This study looked at how physical fitness affects the way children aged 8 to 17 process a high-fat meal. Researchers measured fitness with a treadmill test and checked blood markers after the meal. The goal was to understand the link between fitness, fat burning, and insulin resi…