Respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants

This study looked at whether giving a sedative called propofol to very premature babies (under 32 weeks) before a less invasive breathing treatment (LISA) is safe and reduces the need for a breathing machine. The trial involved 233 infants with breathing problems. Researchers com…

This study tested whether giving oral care with maternal breast milk every 3 hours to preterm babies on breathing machines could improve outcomes. 70 infants born before 34 weeks were included. Researchers measured how long babies needed ventilation, hospital stay length, and rat…

This study tested whether a new device called Mixsafe works as well as the standard Neopuff device for helping newborns breathe. 107 babies who needed breathing support at birth took part. The goal was to see if Mixsafe could be a safe and effective alternative for hospitals.

This study looked at 85 very premature babies (24-29 weeks) with breathing problems to compare two types of non-invasive breathing support: nasal CPAP and nasal IPPV. Both methods deliver surfactant (a lung treatment) without a breathing tube. The goal was to see which method red…

This study tested a method called LISA (Less Invasive Surfactant Administration) in extremely preterm infants (22-25 weeks). Instead of inserting a breathing tube, doctors gave lung medication through a thin catheter while the baby continued on CPAP. The goal was to see if this a…

This study tested whether adding rituximab (a drug that calms certain immune cells) to standard mycophenolate mofetil treatment helps people with interstitial lung disease whose lungs are not responding to initial therapy. 122 adults with various ILD types received either rituxim…

This study looked at 100 premature babies (26-36 weeks) with respiratory distress syndrome who didn't improve with standard nasal CPAP. Researchers compared a newer, non-invasive high-frequency ventilation method (nHFOV) with traditional mechanical ventilation. The goal was to se…

This study looked at 180 premature babies born between 24 and 30 weeks to see if giving lung medication (surfactant) through a thin tube (LISA method) could reduce the need for a breathing tube in the first three days of life, compared to standard CPAP alone. The goal was to find…

This study is testing a portable, non-invasive breath analyzer that measures tiny particles in exhaled breath to screen for conditions like type 2 diabetes, liver disease, kidney disease, and lung disease. Researchers will enroll healthy volunteers and people with known diagnoses…

This study looked at whether a special ultrasound technique called fetal lung elastography can predict respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm babies. Researchers measured lung stiffness in 80 unborn babies between 24-33 weeks of pregnancy and compared those who later deve…

This study looked at three ways to take a small sample of lung tissue (biopsy) in 60 adults with interstitial lung diseases. The goal was to find which method gives the most accurate diagnosis and causes the fewest side effects. The methods tested were forceps biopsy, cryobiopsy …

This study looked at whether a quick diaphragm ultrasound in the emergency room can predict which patients with severe breathing problems will need a ventilator within the first four hours. Researchers measured diaphragm movement in 104 adults upon arrival and again four hours la…

This study tested a new MRI technique that can take pictures of children's lungs without using radiation or injecting contrast dye. 72 children aged 6-16 had both a standard CT scan and this new MRI. The goal was to see if the MRI could produce clear images of the lungs, potentia…

This early-stage trial tested a new drug called rfhSP-D in 18 premature babies born before 30 weeks. The goal was to find the safest dose that might prevent chronic lung disease, a common complication in preemies. The drug was given along with standard care to babies on breathing…

This trial investigates whether adding high-flow nasal oxygen during exercise training can improve endurance and quality of life for people with chronic fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). Participants undergo a 4-week pulmonary rehabilitation program, receiving either high…

This study tested two non-invasive breathing machines in 49 newborns (born at 33 weeks or later) with respiratory distress. One machine is the standard nasal CPAP, and the other is a newer device called nasal high frequency percussive ventilation. Researchers measured brain oxyge…

This study tested whether giving a small amount of s-ketamine during chest surgery could reduce the risk of postoperative delirium (sudden confusion) in patients aged 60 and older. Over 500 participants were randomly assigned to receive either s-ketamine or another drug (dexmedet…

This study tested freezing the nerves between the ribs during robot-assisted lung surgery to see if it reduces pain and the need for painkillers afterward. 33 adults having lung surgery were randomly assigned to get the nerve freeze or standard pain medicine. Researchers tracked …

This study looked at two different chest therapy methods—Vojta reflex and lung squeezing—to help premature babies (28-36 weeks) with breathing problems. 90 babies were split into three groups: one got standard care, the others got standard care plus one of the two extra technique…

This study tested whether giving two medicines (atropine and fentanyl) before a less invasive breathing treatment helps preterm babies have fewer dangerous drops in heart rate and oxygen levels. Fifty-eight babies born at 29 weeks or later took part. The goal is to see if premedi…

This study looked at whether giving a low dose of a muscle relaxant (rocuronium) during bronchoscopy—a procedure where a tube is inserted into the lungs—could reduce complications like throat spasms and coughing. 153 adults having elective bronchoscopy were split into two groups:…

This study looked at 80 children aged 1 month to 5 years with severe breathing problems from pneumonia or bronchiolitis. It compared two non-invasive breathing support methods: High Velocity Nasal Insufflation (HVNI) and Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP). The goal …

This study tested whether adding functional electrical stimulation (FES) to cycling exercises helps people who survived severe COVID-19 recover more quickly. Twenty-two patients who had been on ventilators in the ICU took part in a 4-week rehab program. Half did cycling with FES,…

This study tested whether a computer-driven system called Smartcare/PS could help children with respiratory failure come off a breathing machine faster than usual care. Thirty children were enrolled, and the system automatically adjusted breathing support based on each child's ne…

This study tested whether critically ill patients on breathing machines could safely manage their own sedation using a button-controlled device. 161 adults in the ICU were randomly assigned to either self-manage their sedation or have it managed by a nurse. The goal was to see if…

This study tested whether acupressure (gentle massage on specific points) could help premature babies with lung fluid buildup. 42 infants born at 32 weeks or earlier received either acupressure plus routine chest therapy or routine care alone. Researchers tracked how often suctio…

This study looked at 60 premature newborns (born between 28-37 weeks) in the neonatal intensive care unit who had breathing problems or were on a ventilator. Researchers compared different chest physiotherapy methods and positions to see which worked best for clearing the lungs. …

This study follows 1500 adults with interstitial lung disease to understand how the condition changes over time. Researchers will track symptoms, lung function, and treatments used. The goal is to build a detailed picture of the disease's course and improve future care.

This study looks at how breathing machines (mechanical ventilators) might injure the diaphragm, the main muscle used for breathing. Researchers will monitor 50 ICU patients over their first 7 days on the ventilator, measuring diaphragm activity and function. The goal is to unders…

This study looked at immune cells called alveolar macrophages in the lungs of 18 people with non-infectious lung diseases. Researchers used a technique called flow cytometry to study the surface proteins on these cells. The goal was to better understand the role of these cells in…

This study looked at ways to screen for pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the lungs) in people who already have interstitial lung disease. The goal was to find this complication earlier. 314 adults with various types of lung disease took part in the screening tests.

This study looked at whether certain genes make people who are regularly around pigeons more likely to develop a type of lung disease called hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Researchers analyzed the DNA of 475 pigeon fanciers to find genetic markers linked to lung scarring. The goal…

This study looked at 136 premature babies who needed breathing help. Researchers tracked how long they needed support and checked for lung problems. The goal was to learn more about different non-invasive breathing methods, not to test a new treatment.

This study looked at the experiences of 126 people in Denmark who rely on a breathing machine at home, along with their families and the trained caregivers who help them. The goal was to understand the challenges and successes of this life-sustaining care. No new treatments were …

This study looked at 500 adults on breathing machines to see if measuring airway pressure at a specific moment (P1) versus a later moment (P2) better predicts lung damage. The goal is to find which measurement helps doctors set safer ventilator settings. No new treatment was test…

This study looked at whether chest ultrasound can predict which premature babies (born before 34 weeks) will need surfactant—a substance that helps their immature lungs work better. Doctors currently decide based on oxygen levels, which can delay treatment. Researchers performed …

This study looked at 86 ICU patients with a lung condition called interstitial syndrome. Researchers compared a lung ultrasound score with a standard blood oxygen test to see if the ultrasound could reliably measure how severe the condition was. They repeated both tests at the st…

This study observed over 4,000 patients in Chinese ICUs who needed breathing support for acute respiratory failure. Researchers tracked treatments, outcomes, and costs to better understand the disease burden. The goal is to improve care and identify risk factors, not to test a ne…

This study looked at 93 people with lung disease who get short of breath when active. Participants did two 6-minute walk tests: one at their fastest pace and one at their normal walking speed. The goal was to see if the normal-speed test gives a more accurate picture of when they…

This study looked at how two different breathing devices affect the lungs of extremely low birth weight babies. Researchers compared a high-flow nasal cannula to nasal CPAP in 80 stable premature infants. They measured lung function using a special imaging technique to see which …

This study tested a new device called Neola® that monitors the lungs of newborn babies. Ten preterm and term infants were enrolled to see if the device is safe and works well. The main goal was to check for any skin reactions or other side effects.

This study looked at how changing the speed at which a ventilator reaches its target pressure affects breathing in 17 newborns on breathing support. The researchers tested different settings and measured changes in airway pressure and gas exchange. The goal was to find out if thi…

This study looked at 127 pregnant women who received a steroid called betamethasone to help prevent lung problems in their premature babies. Researchers measured how much of the drug reached the baby and whether it reduced the risk or severity of hyaline membrane disease, a serio…

This pilot study tested three common ventilator modes—volume control, pressure control, and adaptive pressure control—in 566 ICU adults with respiratory failure. The goal was to see which mode leads to more days alive and off the ventilator. The study is a first step to guide fut…

This University of Oxford study looked at 48 ICU patients on ventilators for respiratory failure. Doctors sometimes inflate the lungs briefly (a recruitment manoeuvre) to reopen collapsed areas, but it's unclear when this helps. Researchers used a device to measure lung volume an…

This study tested whether a simple video call system on a tablet could help doctors remotely assess children with breathing problems while they were being transported in an ambulance. Researchers worked with 20 children who were stable enough for transport and compared the remote…

This study tested a new way to measure pain in preterm infants during a procedure called LISA, where surfactant is given to help them breathe. Researchers used skin conductance, which tracks nerve signals, and compared it to a standard pain scale. The goal was to see if this meth…

This study tested a special MRI technique using a harmless gas to see how well it can show changes in the lungs of people with interstitial lung disease. Researchers worked with 46 volunteers to find the best way to use this scan. The goal is to create a standard method that doct…

This study tested a special MRI technique called Ultra Short Echo Time (UTE) to see if it can take clearer pictures of the lungs than traditional MRI. Researchers collected images and health information from people with and without lung disease to help doctors better understand l…

This study looked at whether measuring tiny brain signals during a breathing test can help predict if a patient on a ventilator will successfully breathe on their own. Researchers monitored 70 intubated adults as they tried breathing without the machine. The goal is to find a sim…

This study tested whether having a dietitian help patients with lung disease order meals during a hospital stay could improve their nutrition and reduce the chance of being readmitted after discharge. 41 patients at nutritional risk took part. Researchers measured daily food inta…

This study surveyed 534 physicians worldwide to understand how they use humidification (adding moisture to air) when treating hospitalized adults with non-invasive ventilation (breathing support through a mask). The goal was to find out how often humidification is used, what type…

This study looked at whether two different doctors can get the same diaphragm measurements using ultrasound in patients with severe breathing problems in the emergency room. 26 adults with acute respiratory distress were each scanned twice by two separate investigators. The goal …

This study looked at 24 critically ill patients on breathing machines to see how changing the machine's settings affects measurements of breathing effort. Researchers compared a simple bedside measurement with a more invasive gold-standard technique. The goal was to find the best…