Anrs, Emerging Infectious Diseases

This study looked at whether people who had COVID-19 more than 5 months ago need only one dose of the Pfizer vaccine, while those who never had it need two doses. Researchers measured immune responses in 267 healthy adults aged 18-45 or 65+. The goal was to see if a single shot p…

This study tested four different HIV vaccine combinations in 92 healthy volunteers at low risk of HIV. The goal was to find which combination is safest and best at triggering the body's immune defenses against HIV. Researchers used a 'prime-boost' approach, giving an initial shot…

This study tested whether a double-dose hepatitis B vaccine (40 micrograms) works better than the standard dose (20 micrograms) in people with HIV who had not responded to previous hepatitis B vaccines. The trial included 178 participants and measured how many developed protectiv…

This study tested two different schedules of an experimental HIV vaccine in 147 healthy adults at low risk for HIV. The goal was to see which schedule produced a stronger immune response and was safer. Volunteers received either three DNA vaccines followed by one booster, or two …

This study tested three different ways to vaccinate people with HIV against hepatitis B, a virus that can cause serious liver damage. The standard vaccine often doesn't work as well in HIV patients, so researchers compared a double dose and skin injections to the usual method. Th…

This study looked at how the HIV medicine raltegravir works in people with severe liver failure who need a liver transplant. It included 14 HIV-positive adults with end-stage liver disease. Researchers measured how the drug behaves in the body and checked for interactions with an…

This study followed 27 people with HIV who had end-stage kidney disease and received a kidney transplant. Researchers wanted to see how many patients would have graft rejection within 6 months while taking a three-drug HIV regimen that included raltegravir. The goal was to better…

This study tested whether a radioactive oil called Lipiocis, injected into the liver artery, could prevent liver cancer from coming back after surgery or other curative treatments. It involved 73 adults with cirrhosis and liver cancer. The goal was to see if Lipiocis reduces tumo…

This study tested a stronger combination of two hepatitis C drugs (PegIFN-alpha2a and Ribavirin) in 58 adults with both HIV and hepatitis C (genotypes 1 or 4) who had not responded to previous treatment. The goal was to see if the optimized dose could clear the hepatitis C virus …

This study looked at whether people with HIV who have a strong immune system (CD4 count above 500) can safely take breaks from their medication. For two years, 45 participants cycled between six months on treatment and six months off. The goal was to see if their immune cells sta…

This study tested a combination of four drugs (asunaprevir, daclatasvir, ribavirin, and pegylated interferon) in 60 adults with hepatitis C genotype 4 who had not responded to standard treatment. The goal was to see if this stronger approach could clear the virus from the body. R…

This study tested a two-drug combination (raltegravir and etravirine) in 170 people with HIV who were 45 or older and already had the virus under control. After switching from a standard three-drug regimen, 99% maintained viral suppression at 48 weeks and 98.7% at 96 weeks. The a…

This study looked at whether people with HIV whose virus is already well-controlled can safely lower their daily dose of the drug darunavir from 800 mg to 400 mg. About 100 adults with stable HIV took part. The goal was to see if the lower dose could still keep the virus level un…

This study tested two different once-daily HIV drug combinations in 101 people recently infected with HIV. The goal was to see which combo better reduces the amount of HIV DNA hiding in immune cells after 48 weeks. While both treatments control the virus, the study focuses on shr…

This study tested whether a stronger tuberculosis (TB) treatment could reduce deaths in people with HIV who have very low CD4 counts (≤100). Over 1,300 hospitalized adults and teens received either an intensified regimen (higher doses of some TB drugs plus steroids) or the standa…

This study tested whether people with well-controlled HIV could safely take their antiretroviral medication for 4 consecutive days each week, followed by 3 days off, instead of taking it every day. 640 adults with stable HIV participated. After 48 weeks, the 4-day schedule was fo…

This study tested a new first-line treatment for people with HIV-2, a less common form of HIV found mainly in West Africa. Thirty participants who had never taken HIV drugs before received a combination of raltegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir. The goal was to see if this com…

This study tested whether irbesartan, a blood pressure medication, can slow the progression of liver fibrosis (scarring) in adults with chronic hepatitis C who cannot take or did not respond to antiviral therapy. 166 participants took either irbesartan or a placebo daily for two …

This study tested a 12-week course of telaprevir added to a longer course of peginterferon and ribavirin in 70 adults with both HIV and hepatitis C who had not been helped by earlier treatment. The goal was to see if this combination could clear the hepatitis C virus for good. Th…

This study looked at whether low-dose CT scans can help find lung cancer early in people with HIV who have a history of heavy smoking. About 450 participants aged 40 and older were scanned. The goal was to measure how many lung cancers were found and to learn more about the types…

This large study in South Africa tested whether offering HIV treatment immediately after diagnosis, instead of waiting until the patient's immune system weakens, could reduce the number of new HIV infections in entire communities. Over 28,000 people from 22 different areas took p…

This study tested a program to prevent HIV in men who have sex with men in sub-Saharan Africa. Over 800 men received check-ups, STI tests, counseling, and condoms every three months. The goal was to see if this regular care is practical and helps lower HIV infections in this grou…

This study tested whether taking an antibiotic (doxycycline) after sex and getting a meningitis vaccine (Bexsero) could prevent bacterial STIs like chlamydia, syphilis, and gonorrhea. It involved 556 men who have sex with men and were already using HIV PrEP. The goal was to see i…

This study tested whether pregnant women with well-controlled HIV could switch to a simpler two-drug regimen (darunavir/ritonavir) instead of their usual three-drug cocktail, to prevent passing the virus to their babies. 91 women joined the study, and the main goal was to see if …

This study looked at whether giving HIV prevention pills (PrEP) to men who have sex with men in West Africa is acceptable and practical. About 650 HIV-negative men from Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and Togo took part. They could choose daily or on-demand pills, plus other p…

This study tested a two-drug HIV treatment (lopinavir/ritonavir) in 105 pregnant women with HIV to see if it could prevent mother-to-child transmission while reducing side effects from standard three-drug combos. The goal was to keep the mother's virus level low before delivery. …

This study in Vietnam tested whether providing community-based mental health care to people who inject drugs with depression, psychosis, or suicide risk could improve their mental health and reduce their exposure to HIV and hepatitis C. Researchers followed 200 participants with …

This study followed 516 HIV-positive men who have sex with men over time to track anal HPV infection and related cell changes. Researchers used exams and anal swabs to see how often high-grade lesions appear or go away on their own. The goal was to gather information that could h…

This study looked at whether a specific genetic change in the TLR7 gene (found on the X chromosome) is more common in women with HIV than in healthy women. The goal was to understand if this gene change makes it harder for the immune system to fight off HIV. Researchers studied 9…

This study looked at 30 people with HIV who had undetectable virus levels in their blood for at least 6 months due to antiretroviral therapy. Researchers examined gut tissue to find hidden HIV that standard blood tests miss. The goal was to understand why the virus persists in th…

This study looked at 80 HIV patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy to understand why their gut immune barrier remains damaged. The leaky gut allows bacteria to enter the blood, causing harmful inflammation. Researchers measured immune cells in blood and gut tissue to find o…

This early-stage trial tested whether a combination of two HIV-1 inducers is safe for people with HIV subtype B who are on standard antiretroviral therapy and have undetectable virus levels. Nine men participated, and the study focused on monitoring side effects and serious adver…

This study looked at how well HIV medications reach different parts of the body where the virus can hide. Twenty men with HIV who were on stable treatment provided samples of lymph nodes, fat, rectal tissue, and sperm. The goal was to measure drug levels in these areas to better …