Spastic diplegia

This study looked at whether physical training after a type of nerve surgery (selective dorsal rhizotomy) can improve trunk control and arm function in children aged 4-7 with severe cerebral palsy who cannot walk. The training included exercises to strengthen the trunk and improv…

This study looked at whether Botox injections, combined with physical therapy, can improve selective motor control (the ability to move one joint at a time) in children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy. Forty children aged 4-12 received Botox in their spastic muscles plus 30 …

This study compared two therapies—hippotherapy (therapeutic horseback riding) and Swiss ball exercises—to see which improves trunk control and balance in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Fifty-two children aged 4 to 11 took part. The goal was to find which approach …

This study tested two exercise methods—core strengthening and movement awareness training—in 32 children with diplegic cerebral palsy (ages 4-8). Both groups did standard physical therapy plus one of the extra exercises three times a week for 12 weeks. The goal was to see which a…

This study looked at whether strengthening breathing muscles can improve trunk control in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Thirty children aged 8 to 10 took part, doing either standard therapy plus breathing exercises or standard therapy alone for one month. The goa…

This study tested two ways of using action observation therapy to help children with cerebral palsy improve their balance, walking, and daily movement. Twenty-two children aged 6 to 18 watched videos of motor tasks either in real time (synchronous) or with a delay (asynchronous) …

This small study tested a new approach for children with cerebral palsy: combining a gentle brain stimulation technique (tDCS) with treadmill walking. Five children completed ten sessions, and researchers measured changes in walking speed, endurance, and motor skills. The goal wa…

This study tested whether combining TENS (a mild electrical stimulation) with exercises that use sight and body awareness can improve walking in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Thirty children aged 4 to 6 years old took part. The goal was to see if this approach co…

This study tested whether a technique called instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) — using a special tool to massage muscles — could improve walking in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Thirty children aged 5 to 8 took part; half received IASTM plus st…

This study tested two types of exercise—moderate steady training and high-intensity interval training—in 30 children with spastic diplegia (a form of cerebral palsy) aged 3 to 5. The goal was to see which better improves walking, energy use, and daily movement. Children were spli…

This study tested whether watching and imitating movements (action observation therapy) improves balance, walking, and thinking in children with diplegic cerebral palsy compared to standard physical therapy. 46 children aged 5-11 years participated. The goal was to see if this ap…

This study tested whether Action Observation Therapy—watching a movement and then doing it—can reduce spasticity and improve motor skills, balance, and participation in children with cerebral palsy. 36 children aged 5-13 with spastic diplegia or hemiplegia took part. The therapy …

This study tested two exercise programs in 50 children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy aged 6-12. One group did exercises on unstable surfaces like gym balls and trampolines, while the other did similar exercises on stable surfaces like mats. The goal was to see which approa…

This study looked at how trunk control, balance, and upper body function are connected in children with cerebral palsy. Researchers measured these abilities in 53 children and compared them to healthy kids. The goal was to better understand these relationships to guide future the…

This study looked at 40 children with cerebral palsy, ages 4 to 8, to see if anxiety is linked to worse balance, muscle stiffness, and movement. Researchers measured anxiety, spasticity, balance, and gross motor function. The goal was to understand these connections better, not t…