Nosocomial infection

NUTRIREA-3 compares two feeding strategies for adults on ventilators with shock. One group receives low-calorie low-protein feeding for the first week, while the other receives standard-calorie standard-protein feeding. Researchers track survival and time to leave the ICU to see …

This study tests whether the steroid hydrocortisone, added to usual care, can help ICU patients with severe hospital-acquired pneumonia. Researchers will compare hydrocortisone against a placebo in 180 adults. The goal is to see if the drug reduces early death or worsening of bre…

This study tests whether using pre-moistened wipes without water for perineal hygiene is more effective than traditional soap and water in reducing skin microbes in totally dependent hospital patients. About 468 adults in medical or geriatric wards will be randomly assigned to on…

This study tests a care model where each hospital patient is assigned one main nurse who plans and oversees all their care. Researchers want to see if this reduces infections, falls, and pressure injuries, and improves patient and nurse satisfaction. The study involves over 1,700…

This study tested a bundle nursing intervention for ICU patients with devices like catheters or ventilators. The intervention combined targeted infection monitoring, teamwork, and specific care steps. Researchers compared infection rates, antibiotic use, and hospital stay between…

This study tested a drug called GM-CSF in 166 ICU patients who had severe sepsis or septic shock and a weakened immune system. The goal was to see if the drug could reduce the number of new infections acquired in the ICU. Patients received either GM-CSF or a placebo, and research…

This study tested whether a simpler 3-step hand washing method works as well as the standard 6-step method to prevent infections in hospitals. Over 1,000 patients in different hospital units took part. The goal is to see if making hand hygiene easier can help healthcare workers c…

This study tested a new type of urinary catheter coated with copper nanoparticles to see if it could lower the risk of urinary tract infections in hospitalized adults. 256 patients who needed a catheter for a long time took part. The goal was to compare this new catheter to stand…

This study tested two new antibiotic combinations (cefepime/nacubactam and aztreonam/nacubactam) against the best available treatments for adults with serious infections like urinary tract infections, pneumonia, and abdominal infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria. Th…

This study tested the safety and how the body processes the antibiotic cefiderocol in hospitalized children aged 3 months to 18 years with serious bacterial infections. The goal was to see if the drug is safe and how it works in the body. 53 children participated, and the study i…

This study tested whether tranexamic acid, a drug that helps blood clot, can lower the chance of infection after gastrointestinal surgery. Over 3,300 adults at higher risk for complications took part. The goal was to see if the drug reduces surgical site infections compared to a …

This study tested a new antibiotic combination (IMI-XNW4107) against an existing one (IMI/REL) in 450 adults with serious pneumonia caught in the hospital or from a ventilator. The main goal was to see if the new drug was at least as good at preventing death within 14 days. Both …

This early-stage study tested the safety of the antibiotic combination ceftolozane/tazobactam in 41 children with hospital-acquired pneumonia. The drug was given intravenously, with doses adjusted by age. Researchers monitored side effects and how the drug moved through the body.…

This study tested whether using a special cleaning product called organosilane, in addition to standard cleaning, could lower the number of infections patients get in intensive care units (ICUs). Over 10,000 adult patients in ICUs took part. Researchers compared infection rates w…

This study tested whether a fast diagnostic test (FilmArray) plus expert antibiotic advice improves care for patients who develop pneumonia in the hospital. 116 adults with hospital-acquired pneumonia were randomly assigned to get either standard care with expert advice or the sa…

This completed study tested a new rapid diagnostic tool to quickly identify antibiotic-resistant bacteria in wounded warriors and veterans. Over 2,200 participants provided samples from blood, lungs, or skin. The goal was to see if the test could accurately detect resistant bacte…

This study looked at whether using CT scans and a rapid sputum test (FilmArray) can improve diagnosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Currently, chest X-rays are often unclear, leading to misdiagnosis and overuse of antibiotics. The trial enrolled 220 adults with suspected …

Hospital-acquired infections are a major problem in low- and middle-income countries. Researchers are developing and piloting an infection prevention and control program for healthcare workers in Cambodia and Laos. The program aims to improve hand hygiene and equipment disinfecti…

Critically ill children with central venous catheters face a risk of bloodstream infections that can lead to longer hospital stays and serious complications. Researchers are testing whether bathing these children daily with a 2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution prevents central l…

This completed trial tested a device that uses light to kill germs in the nose before surgery, aiming to prevent surgical site infections. Over 400 adults having major surgeries received either the light treatment or standard care. Researchers tracked infections and side effects …

This trial tests whether a three-dose hepatitis B vaccine can protect healthcare workers in Zambia from infection. The vaccine is given at 0, 1, and 6 months, and blood tests measure the immune response. The goal is to see if the vaccine produces protective antibodies and cellula…

This study tests whether mouth care with green tea or white tea can prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) as well as the standard antiseptic chlorhexidine. It includes adults in intensive care who are on breathing machines. The goal is to see if these natural alternatives…

This study tested whether breathing in high-dose nitric oxide (NO) gas after heart surgery could prevent pneumonia. 74 patients who had heart surgery with a heart-lung machine were randomly assigned to receive either NO gas or a placebo (oxygen-air mixture) for 30 minutes twice a…

This study tested whether breathing high-dose nitric oxide (NO) gas for 30 minutes twice a day for 5 days after heart surgery could prevent hospital-acquired pneumonia. 160 adults who had elective heart surgery with a heart-lung machine took part. Half received NO, half received …

This study tested a 60% ethanol (alcohol) lock solution to prevent serious catheter infections in 1,460 ICU patients with acute kidney failure needing dialysis. The ethanol lock is placed inside the catheter to kill germs. The goal was to see if it reduces major catheter-related …

This study tested a new method to prevent serious lung and bloodstream infections in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The treatment uses a special light and a blue dye to kill germs in the nose. Researchers enrolled 227 adults in the ICU and checked if the procedure was practi…

This study looked at whether cranberry gel capsules can prevent E. coli infections from urinary catheters placed during pelvic surgery. About 270 adults took part. The idea was that cranberry might stop bacteria from sticking to the catheter, reducing infection risk.

This study tested whether adults who have bariatric sleeve gastrectomy (a type of weight-loss surgery) can safely recover at home instead of in the hospital. Twenty-eight participants received acute care at home, including nurse and doctor visits, lab tests, and 24/7 urgent suppo…

This study looked at whether giving nutrition through a tube into the stomach (enteral) or through a vein (parenteral) early on affects survival in very sick patients who need a breathing machine and heart-support medications. Over 2,400 adults in intensive care units were random…

This trial tests whether adding a virtual reality (VR) simulation to standard hand hygiene training helps nurses learn and apply better handwashing practices. Nurses in the study either receive standard training alone or standard training plus an immersive VR experience where the…

This study investigates whether zinc oxide nanoparticles can inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of Acinetobacter baumannii, a bacterium that causes severe hospital-acquired infections like pneumonia and bloodstream infections. Researchers will collect samples from 150 patie…

This study looks at whether jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and eyes, makes people with cirrhosis more likely to develop infections while in the hospital. Researchers will follow 250 Egyptian patients with cirrhosis to see if those with jaundice get more hospital-acquired infec…

This study tested whether a rapid test called Unyvero could help doctors choose the right antibiotic sooner for patients with pneumonia who are on breathing machines in the ICU. The test looks for bacteria and their resistance genes in just a few hours, compared to standard lab c…

This study reviewed the medical records of 132 adults in the intensive care unit who had hospital-acquired or ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria. The goal was to identify risk factors for resistance to common antibiotics. The findings may help doctor…

This study aimed to create a smart surveillance strategy for carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), a superbug that causes hard-to-treat infections in hospitals. Researchers collected samples from over 2,100 healthy people, patients, and hospital environments in the …

This study tested a simple idea: give hospital doctors regular feedback showing how their antibiotic prescribing compares to their peers. Researchers provided educational sessions and bimonthly email reports to 147 hospitalists at four hospitals. The goal was to reduce unnecessar…

This study looked at 263 adults on breathing machines who had signs of pneumonia. Researchers tested their blood and lung fluid to see how many had a serious fungal infection called invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The goal was to find out how common this infection is in this gr…

This completed study looked at how the immune system is weakened after septic shock, severe trauma, burns, or major surgery. Researchers took blood samples from 552 patients and healthy volunteers to measure immune function. The goal was to find better ways to predict and manage …

This study looks back at an outbreak of a hard-to-treat bacteria (VIM-producing Enterobacter cloacae) in an intensive care unit during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers reviewed the cases of 14 ICU patients who had this superbug to understand how the hospital managed the ou…