Rectum adenocarcinoma

Researchers are testing whether a combination of chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6) plus two immunotherapy drugs, suvemcitug and enlonstobart, can shrink high-risk mid-rectal cancer enough to safely skip pelvic radiation before surgery. The trial enrolls 52 adults with locally advanced rect…

This study tests whether giving the immunotherapy drug dostarlimab for a longer period can completely eliminate tumors in people with a specific genetic type of rectal cancer. Participants have stage II or III rectal cancer that is mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) or microsatelli…

Researchers are running a Phase I trial of HEC-921, an experimental drug given by intravenous infusion, in adults with advanced malignant solid tumors. The study first gives HEC-921 alone to find the highest dose people can tolerate, then tests it in combination with oxaliplatin,…

Researchers are testing whether adding serplulimab, an immunotherapy, to standard CAPOX chemotherapy and bevacizumab can shrink locally advanced colorectal tumors before surgery. The study enrolls about 85 adults with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. The main goal is to se…

Researchers test whether giving mFOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab before surgery can shrink locally advanced rectal cancer enough to avoid removing the rectum. Adults with stage II or III rectal cancer receive six cycles of the drug combination. Depending on how well the tumor responds…

This phase 2 trial is investigating whether adding a ketogenic diet and/or high-dose intravenous vitamin C to standard chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy can improve outcomes for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer that is mismatch repair proficient (pMMR/MSS). The stud…

This trial tests whether an AI tool called SurgDiff can predict how difficult rectal cancer surgery will be, based on MRI scans and patient data. The goal is to help surgeons choose the best surgical approach for each patient, potentially reducing complications. The study involve…

This phase 2 trial is testing whether adding an experimental drug called DCSZ11 to standard radiation and chemotherapy can improve outcomes for people with a high-risk type of rectal cancer. The study will enroll 30 adults who have not had prior treatment. The goal is to see if t…

This phase 3 trial is testing whether adding a three-month course of FOLFOX4s chemotherapy after short-course radiotherapy improves outcomes compared to radiotherapy alone in adults aged 75 and older with locally advanced rectal cancer. The study aims to see if the combination ca…

This observational study follows about 196 adults with early-stage (pT1) rectal cancer who have high-risk features after local tumor removal. Instead of undergoing radical surgery that often requires a colostomy, participants receive adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Th…

This trial investigates whether combining two drugs—trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) and cetuximab—can shrink tumors in people with advanced colorectal cancer that has low levels of the HER2 protein and has worsened after standard treatments. The study enrolls adults with metastati…

This study tests whether adding two immunotherapy drugs to radiation therapy can better shrink advanced rectal cancer than standard chemoradiation. About 342 adults with a specific type of rectal cancer will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. The goal is to se…

This small study tests a new approach for people with stage II/III rectal cancer that has not spread. Instead of chemotherapy, patients receive targeted internal radiation followed by two doses of the immunotherapy drug nivolumab before surgery. The goal is to see if this combina…

This study tests whether injecting a special solution (KRC-01) into rectal tumors before radiation can make the radiation work better. The solution increases oxygen inside the tumor, which helps radiation kill cancer cells. About 24 adults with advanced rectal cancer that hasn't …

This study tests a personalized radiation approach for locally advanced rectal cancer. By adjusting the radiation dose halfway through treatment based on a special MRI scan, doctors hope to increase the number of patients whose tumors completely disappear before surgery. The tria…

This study looks at whether adding a short course of chemotherapy after standard chemoradiation can improve outcomes for people with stage I rectal cancer, allowing them to keep their rectum instead of needing major surgery. About 292 participants will be randomly assigned to rec…

This study tests a combination of two types of radiation therapy for elderly or frail patients with rectal cancer who cannot or will not have surgery. The goal is to shrink or control the tumor while maintaining quality of life. Researchers will follow 80 participants for up to t…

This phase 2 trial tests a mix of immunotherapy, a cancer-killing virus, short-course radiation, and chemotherapy in 20 people with locally advanced low rectal cancer. The goal is to see if this combination can make the tumor disappear completely for at least a year, potentially …

This study tests a new treatment plan for adults with locally advanced rectal cancer that hasn't spread. Participants get a week of radiation, then 8 cycles of three drugs (chemotherapy and immunotherapy) before surgery. The goal is to shrink the tumor enough to cure the cancer o…

This study tests whether a targeted chemoradiotherapy can completely eliminate early-stage rectal cancer, allowing patients to avoid surgery and keep their rectum. 90 adults with small, localized tumors will either receive standard surgery or the new treatment followed by close m…

This pilot study tests whether an Ayurvedic drug called Trishul can help shrink rectal tumors and improve survival. Forty adults with advanced rectal cancer will receive either Trishul or a placebo pill, in addition to their standard treatment (chemo-radiation and surgery). The s…

This phase II trial tests a new combination of short-course radiation, two immunotherapy drugs (Qibei'an and Camrelizumab), and chemotherapy (XELOX) in 19 people with locally advanced rectal cancer. The goal is to see if this approach can make the tumor disappear completely, allo…

This phase 2 trial is testing a new approach for people with stage II-III rectal cancer. It combines short-course radiotherapy that spares the tumor-draining lymph nodes with a PD-1 inhibitor (a type of immunotherapy). The goal is to see if this combination can lead to a complete…

This phase 2 trial tests whether adding radiotherapy and two immunotherapy drugs (iparomlimab and tuvonralimab) to standard chemotherapy and bevacizumab can improve outcomes for people with a specific type of metastatic rectal cancer (RAS-mutant/MSS). About 106 participants will …

This phase 2 trial tests a new approach for people with high-risk locally advanced rectal cancer. Participants will receive a short course of radiation with a boost to the tumor, combined with chemotherapy (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) and an immunotherapy drug (tislelizumab). T…

This Phase 3 trial tests whether adding an immunotherapy drug (serplulimab) to a strong chemotherapy mix (FOLFOXIRI) and radiation works better than standard chemo (CAPOX) plus radiation for people with locally advanced low rectal cancer that is microsatellite stable (pMMR). Abou…

This study compares two standard radiotherapy approaches—short-course (1 week) and long-course (several weeks)—given before surgery to people with locally advanced rectal cancer. The goal is to see which one works better at shrinking tumors and is easier for patients to tolerate.…

This study tests two drugs, zanidatamab and tislelizumab, combined with standard chemo or radiation for people with HER2-positive stomach or colorectal cancers. About 70 adults aged 18-75 will receive the treatment to see if it shrinks tumors and controls the disease. The goal is…

This study is testing whether adding an immunotherapy drug (PD-1 inhibitor) to standard chemoradiation can better shrink or eliminate tumors in people with locally advanced rectal cancer that has a high chance of coming back. About 30 participants will receive the combination tre…

This trial compares two surgical techniques for removing rectal cancer in women. The standard method cuts the peritoneum slightly above its lowest point, while the new method cuts exactly at the lowest point. Researchers believe the new technique may reduce blood loss and protect…

This phase 2 trial tests a new approach for locally advanced rectal cancer: using MRI-guided, reduced-field short-course radiotherapy together with immunotherapy and chemotherapy before surgery. The goal is to shrink the tumor effectively while causing fewer side effects than sta…

This trial explores whether betacyanin, a pigment found in beetroot, can help doctors detect anastomotic leakage — a serious complication where intestinal contents leak after rectal cancer surgery — earlier than current methods. About 120 people undergoing laparoscopic rectal can…

This study will compare two different PET/MRI scans to see which one is better at finding lymph node metastases in people with middle to high rectal cancer. Thirty participants will receive both types of scans before surgery. The goal is to see if the newer tracer, [68Ga]Ga-CTR-F…

Researchers are testing whether a nasal catheter that diverts stool from the small intestine can prevent leaks after surgery for mid to low rectal cancer. The trial compares this catheter approach with a standard protective ileostomy, a temporary opening in the abdomen to divert …

This study tests whether a supervised strength-training program is safe and practical for people with locally advanced rectal cancer who are receiving chemotherapy and radiation before surgery. Fifteen participants will do personalized resistance exercises twice a week for about …

This study tests a highly absorbable form of curcumin (from turmeric) in 72 adults with mid-to-low rectal cancer who are getting chemoradiation before surgery. The goal is to see if curcumin can reduce severe gut side effects like diarrhea and rectal pain. Researchers will also c…

This observational study gathers information from routine care on how localized rectal cancer is treated across Austrian hospitals. It aims to document the variety of treatment approaches, including total neoadjuvant therapy and immunotherapy, and their outcomes. By analyzing thi…

This study tests a new short camera called a rectoscope to check the lower bowel after rectal tumour removal. The goal is to see if it can be used in the clinic with a simple enema instead of strong bowel prep, making follow-up checks faster and reducing waiting lists. Thirty pat…

This study looks at people who had surgery for advanced lower rectal cancer, comparing two procedures: one that removes the rectum and anus (requiring a permanent stoma) and one that removes the rectum but keeps the anus (with a reconnection). The goal is to see which approach le…

This phase 2 trial tests whether a highly sensitive blood test (ctDNA) can help manage treatment for 200 people with early-stage rectal cancer. After standard chemotherapy and radiation, some patients will have their treatment guided by the blood test results instead of immediate…

This study looks at where cancer spreads to lymph nodes in people with colon or rectal cancer. Researchers will examine tissue from 1200 patients who had surgery to remove their cancer. The goal is to find patterns that could help doctors better plan treatment in the future.

This study will compare treatment recommendations made by a large language model (AI) with those made by a team of cancer experts for 180 people with rectal cancer. The AI will analyze de-identified patient information and suggest a treatment plan. The goal is to see how often th…

This study will look at tumor samples and health records from 300 people who had surgery for rectal cancer. The goal is to find patterns in the tumor's immune environment that can predict which patients will respond well to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. This could help doctors i…

This study looks at 100 adults with advanced rectal cancer who received total neoadjuvant therapy (a combination of chemotherapy and radiation before surgery). Researchers want to see whether the response in the lymph nodes or the primary tumor better predicts how long patients s…

This study reviews medical records of 300 adults who had endoscopic or surgical removal of rectal tumors between 2015 and 2025. Researchers want to see if newer endoscopic methods are as safe and effective as traditional surgery. The goal is to help doctors choose the best approa…

This study looks at two ways to remove rectal cancer tumors. The newer method removes the tumor through the anus, avoiding extra cuts in the belly. The goal is to see if this leads to fewer wound problems and less pain after surgery. The study will review records from 190 adult p…

This study looks at whether doctors are properly reporting small cancer spots called tumor deposits in people with rectal cancer. These spots can show if the cancer is more aggressive and might need extra treatment like chemo or radiation. Researchers will compare reports from be…

This study looks at people with rectal cancer who have small leftover spots after chemoradiotherapy. One group will have these spots removed with a scope, while the other group will just be watched closely. The goal is to see which approach leads to better cancer control after on…