Cost-Effectiveness and implementation of integrated Diabetes-Oral health care in oman: a health belief Model-Based intervention to enhance clinical, behavioral, and exploratory oral microbiome in health system outcomes in type 2 diabetes

NCT ID NCT07809477

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First seen Sep 09, 2026 · Last updated Sep 09, 2026

Summary

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontal (gum) disease are closely related conditions that may negatively affect each other. However, oral health is not routinely integrated into diabetes self-management education. This study will evaluate whether a structured diabetes-oral health educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model can improve glycaemic control, periodontal health, self-management behaviours, and quality of life among adults with T2DM in Oman. This multicentre randomized controlled trial will include 290 adults with T2DM. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive six individual, structured diabetes-oral health education sessions over 12 weeks in addition to usual care. The control group will continue to receive standard diabetes care and education. Participants will be followed for 12 months. The primary outcome is change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline to 12 months. Secondary outcomes include periodontal health, diabetes and oral-health self-care behaviours, Health Belief Model constructs, quality of life, psychological well-being, diabetes distress, healthcare utilization, and healthcare costs. The study will also assess the cost-effectiveness of the intervention. Exploratory components will assess previously undiagnosed periodontal disease and examine associations between periodontal changes and the oral microbiome.

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Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

About 290 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Expected to start

Sep 2026

An estimate. Start dates often move.

Expected to finish

Sep 2028

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

A government agency

The lead sponsor is a government body.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

35 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 35 years or older. * Confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), documented in the medical record for at least 12 months. * Able to understand Arabic or English. * Able to provide written informed consent. * Able to attend the scheduled educational sessions and follow-up visits. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnant or breastfeeding. * Cognitive impairment or severe mental illness limiting participation. * Active systemic infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, syphilis, or HIV. * Use of medications that may significantly affect glucose metabolism or gingival health, such as long-term systemic corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, phenytoin, or calcium channel blockers. * Severe periodontitis requiring immediate surgical intervention. * Participation in another diabetes or oral health intervention trial. * Unable to comply with the follow-up schedule.

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Conditions

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