PES PLANUS

This study tested custom-made insoles produced with 3D printing and computer-controlled machines in 40 adults with flexible flat feet. The goal was to see if these insoles could reduce foot pain, improve foot posture, and change how pressure is distributed on the feet. Participan…

This study looked at whether different exercise approaches could improve balance and joint position sense in 40 adults with mild to moderate flat feet (pes planus). Participants did exercises and were tested on balance, range of motion, and functional reach. The goal was to see i…

This study looked at whether short foot exercises and a type of joint mobilization could help young adults with flat feet (pes planus). 45 people with flexible flat feet took part. The goal was to see if these treatments improve balance and movement skills. The results could offe…

This study looked at whether specific foot muscle exercises can reduce pain and improve balance and foot function in people with flat feet (pes planus). 66 adults aged 20 to 45 with flat feet took part. The exercises focused on strengthening the small muscles inside the foot. The…

This study looked at two treatments—tissue flossing and myofascial release—for people with flat feet (pes planus). 44 adults aged 18-25 with flexible flat feet and calf pain took part. The goal was to see which therapy better improves pain, balance, and ankle movement. Results wi…

This study looked at whether two types of foot exercises could help teenagers with flat feet (pes planus). Thirty-two teens completed the trial, doing either classic foot exercises or foot core exercises. The goal was to see if these exercises could reduce pain, improve balance, …

This study looked at how flat feet (pes planus) affect the thickness and flexibility of two key foot tendons: the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon. Researchers compared 93 adults aged 18-45 with and without flat feet using ultrasound and a device that measures tissue stiffness.…

This study looked at how different types of hands-on therapy affect balance, muscle stiffness, and foot flexibility in active adults with flat feet. 33 people aged 18-35 with flexible flat feet were split into groups receiving either joint-focused or soft-tissue-focused manual th…

This study examined how flatfoot (pes planus) affects balance and calf muscle endurance in 41 adults. Participants performed a heel rise test and stood on one leg with a motion sensor to measure body sway. The goal was to understand the link between muscle endurance and balance i…