TB treatment mystery: why do some patients suddenly worsen?

NCT ID NCT04052022

Recruiting now Knowledge-focused Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study aims to understand why some people with tuberculosis (TB) experience a paradoxical reaction, where they initially improve on treatment but then suddenly get worse. Researchers will follow 140 adults with TB, with or without signs of this reaction, using blood tests, urine samples, and PET/CT scans over 6 to 18 months. The goal is to identify immune and imaging patterns that could help predict and manage these reactions in the future.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to: If successful, this could help doctors predict and manage paradoxical reactions in TB patients, improving treatment outcomes.
What could go wrong: This is an observational study, not a treatment trial. It may not lead to immediate clinical changes, and results depend on a small, specific group of participants.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome tuberculosis

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

TUBERCULOSIS

Contacts and locations

Locations

Mexican Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Network (LaRed)
RECRUITING

Alcaldia Tlalpan, 14050, Mexico
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
RECRUITING

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

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