Short radiation plus chemo before surgery may boost rectal cancer survival

NCT ID NCT01558921

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This phase 3 trial compares two treatment approaches for high-risk rectal cancer. The experimental group gets a short course of radiation (5 days) followed by several months of chemotherapy before surgery. The standard group receives longer chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery and optional chemo after. The goal is to see if giving chemo earlier, when patients are stronger, can reduce cancer recurrence and improve survival. About 920 participants are enrolled.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance

short-course radiation (5x5 Gy) followed by capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) chemotherapy

What this could lead to

If successful, this approach could improve survival for people with high-risk rectal cancer by delivering chemotherapy before surgery, when patients are healthier.

What could go wrong

This is a large phase 3 trial, but results are not yet final. The experimental treatment may not improve outcomes over standard care, and chemotherapy side effects can be significant.

Disclaimer Read more

This is a summary of the original study . Summaries may miss details or leave out important information. Before applying or accepting participation, make sure you have read and understood the full study. Curemydisease.com takes no responsibility whatsoever for anything missed, misunderstood, or acted upon as a result of our summary — we know it does not capture everything.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

rectal cancer rectal neoplasm rectum adenocarcinoma

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Aalborg Universitetshospital

    Aalborg, Denmark

  • Akademiska Sjukhuset

    Uppsala, Sweden

  • Alrijne Ziekenhuis

    Leiderdorp, Netherlands

  • Amphia Ziekenhuis

    Breda, Netherlands

  • Amsterdam UMC, location AMC

    Amsterdam, Netherlands

  • Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC

    Amsterdam, Netherlands

  • Antonius Ziekenhuis

    Sneek, Netherlands

  • Bronovo Ziekenhuis

    The Hague, Netherlands

  • Catharina ZIekenhuis

    Eindhoven, Netherlands

  • Centrallasarett

    Västerås, Sweden

  • Centrallasarettet Växjö

    Vaxjo, Sweden

  • Centralsjukhuset i Karlstad

    Karlstad, Sweden

  • Consorcio Hospital General Universitario Valencia

    Valencia, Spain

  • Deventer Hospital

    Deventer, Netherlands

  • Diakonessenhuis

    Utrecht, Netherlands

  • Falu Lasarett

    Falun, Sweden

  • Gävle sjukhus

    Gävle, Sweden

  • HaGaZiekenhuis

    The Hague, Netherlands

  • Het Groene Hart Ziekenhuis

    Gouda, Netherlands

  • Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia

    Valencia, Spain

  • Hospital Universitari i Politècnic la Fe

    Valencia, Spain

  • Hospital Vall d'Hebron

    Barcelona, Spain

  • ICO Hospital Duran I Reynals

    L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain

  • Institute of Oncology

    Ljubljana, Slovenia

  • Isala Klinieken

    Zwolle, Netherlands

  • Kalmar Hospital

    Kalmar, Sweden

  • Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset

    Stockholm, Sweden

  • Leiden University Medical Center

    Leiden, Netherlands

  • Linköpings Universitet

    Linköping, Sweden

  • Martini Ziekenhuis

    Groningen, Netherlands

  • Medisch Centrum Haaglanden

    The Hague, Netherlands

  • Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden

    Leeuwarden, Netherlands

  • Mälarsjukhuset

    Eskilstuna, Sweden

  • Nki / Avl

    Amsterdam, Netherlands

  • Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep

    Alkmaar, Netherlands

  • Norrlands Universitetssjukhus

    Umeå, Sweden

  • Odense Universitetshospital

    Odense, Denmark

  • Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis

    Amsterdam, Netherlands

  • Oslo Universitetssykehus

    Oslo, Norway

  • Radiotherapeutisch Instituut Friesland

    Leeuwarden, Netherlands

  • Reinier de Graaf Groep

    Delft, Netherlands

  • Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset

    Gothenburg, Sweden

  • Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University Medical School

    St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States

  • Skaraborgs Sjukhus

    Skövde, Sweden

  • Spaarne Ziekenhuis

    Hoofddorp, Netherlands

  • Sundsvalls Sjukhus

    Sundsvall, Sweden

  • Södra Älvsborgs Sjukhus

    Borås, Sweden

  • Sørlandet Sykehus Kristiansand

    Kristiansand, Norway

  • UMC Nijmegen St Radboud

    Nijmegen, Netherlands

  • Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen

    Groningen, Netherlands

  • Universitetssjukhuset i Lund

    Lund, Sweden

  • Universitetssjukhuset ÖREBRO

    Örebro, Sweden

  • University Medical Center Groningen

    Groningen, PO BOX 30001, 9700 RB, Netherlands

  • Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis

    Assen, Netherlands

  • Ziekenhuisgroep Twente

    Hengelo, Netherlands

  • de Tjongerschans

    Heerenveen, Netherlands