Can a puff of insulin replace a daily shot for diabetes?

NCT ID NCT00391027

Completed Disease control Sponsor: Pfizer Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

First seen Aug 11, 2026 · Last updated Aug 12, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This trial tests whether an inhaled form of insulin (Exubera) can control blood sugar as effectively as a daily insulin injection (Lantus) in adults with type 2 diabetes who are not well controlled on two or more oral medications. Participants are randomly assigned to add either the inhaled insulin or the injected insulin to their current oral diabetes drugs. The main goal is to compare changes in HbA1c, a key marker of long-term blood sugar control, over 26 weeks.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance: Inhaled human insulin (Exubera) compared to insulin glargine (Lantus), both added to existing oral diabetes medications.
What this could lead to: If inhaled insulin works as well as a daily injection, it could offer a needle-free option for managing type 2 diabetes, potentially improving convenience and adherence.
What could go wrong: This is a phase 4 trial that was terminated early, so results may be incomplete. Inhaled insulin may not suit everyone, especially those with lung conditions, and could have side effects like cough or changes in lung function.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

Insulin Resistance type 2 diabetes mellitus

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2

Contacts and locations

Locations

Pfizer Investigational Site

Bornem, 2800, Belgium
Pfizer Investigational Site

Brussels, 1070, Belgium
Pfizer Investigational Site

Genk, 3600, Belgium
Pfizer Investigational Site

Liège, 4000, Belgium
Pfizer Investigational Site

Kuopio, 70210, Finland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Lahti, 15110, Finland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Oulu, 90100, Finland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Besançon, 25030, France
Pfizer Investigational Site

Corbeil-Essonnes, 91106, France
Pfizer Investigational Site

La Rochelle, 17019, France
Pfizer Investigational Site

Marseille, 13385, France
Pfizer Investigational Site

Paris, 75475, France
Pfizer Investigational Site

Valenciennes, 59300, France
Pfizer Investigational Site

Altenburg, 04600, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

Eisenach, 99817, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

Hamburg, 20253, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

Hohenmölsen, 06679, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

Leipzig, 04103, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

Neuss, 41460, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

Riesa, 01587, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

Wangen / Allgaeu, 88239, Germany
Pfizer Investigational Site

's-Hertogenbosch, 5233 VG, Netherlands
Pfizer Investigational Site

Eindhoven, 5631 BM, Netherlands
Pfizer Investigational Site

Nijmegen, 6525 EC, Netherlands
Pfizer Investigational Site

The Hague, 2512 VA, Netherlands
Pfizer Investigational Site

Venlo, 5912 BL, Netherlands
Pfizer Investigational Site

Hønefoss, Buskerud, 3505, Norway
Pfizer Investigational Site

Bergen, 5012, Norway
Pfizer Investigational Site

Jessheim, 2050, Norway
Pfizer Investigational Site

Lysaker, Norway
Pfizer Investigational Site

Skedsmokorset, N-2020, Norway
Pfizer Investigational Site

Lodz, 90-030, Poland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Lodz, 93-338, Poland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Lublin, 20-536, Poland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Warsaw, 02-097, Poland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Łask, 98-100, Poland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, 07014, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

Inca, Mallorca, 07300, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa CRUZ DE Tenerife, 38320, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

Alzira, Valencia, 46600, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

A Coruña, 15006, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

Huelva, 21080, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

Málaga, 29006, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

Valencia, 46015, Spain
Pfizer Investigational Site

Borås, 501 82, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Eksjö, 575 36, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Gothenburg, 412 55, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Gothenburg, 41665, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Härnösand, 871 82, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Helsingborg, 25220, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Järfälla, 177 31, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Kristianstad, 291 54, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Linköping, 581 85, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Luleå, 972 33, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Malmö, 211 52, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Motala, 591 85, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Stockholm, 118 83, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Uddevalla, 451 50, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Umeå, 901 85, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Vaxjo, 351 85, Sweden
Pfizer Investigational Site

Bruderholz, 4101, Switzerland
Pfizer Investigational Site

Sankt Gallen, CH-9007, Switzerland

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