EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY

This study looks at whether a short burst of very intense exercise—repeated Wingate cycling sprints—can change levels of thyroid hormones in the blood. Twenty healthy male amateur soccer players, aged 19 to 22, will have blood drawn right before and right after the exercise to me…

This crossover trial in 23 healthy adults asks whether heart rate at key ventilatory thresholds differs between cycling and treadmill running. Each participant performs both exercise tests in random order. The goal is to see if a fixed heart rate bias exists between the two modal…

This study looks at how team athletes' bodies respond to short, intense cycling and longer, moderate cycling. Researchers measure two key substances in saliva: cortisol (a stress hormone) and interleukin-6 (an immune signal). The goal is to see if athletes with different fitness …

This completed study looked at how two different exercise programs affect the immune system in 20 healthy, active men aged 18-25. Participants did either high-intensity interval training or moderate-intensity continuous exercise for 12 weeks. Researchers measured changes in immun…

This study looked at three different ways to distribute training intensity—polarized, pyramidal, and threshold—in recreational distance runners. Twenty-four runners followed an 8-week program to see which method improved their endurance, running economy, and 5-kilometer time tria…

This study looked at whether warming up the breathing muscles (using a special device) could improve strength in 27 male natural bodybuilders. Half did a breathing warm-up plus their usual warm-up; the other half only did the usual warm-up. Researchers measured how much weight th…

This study looked at whether lower body plyometric exercises (like jump squats and box jumps) cause muscle damage in male college volleyball players. Sixty-two players did either plyometric training plus routine practice or just routine practice for eight weeks. Researchers measu…

This pilot study gave 20 professional football players either a single high dose of vitamin D or a placebo before a match. Researchers measured how vitamin D levels changed in their blood. The goal was to see how exercise affects vitamin D metabolism, not to treat any disease.

This study looked at whether jackfruit oil extract affects certain brain-related chemicals, thinking skills, and body measurements in healthy young boxers. Thirty male boxers aged 18-25 took different doses of jackfruit oil or no supplement for 30 days. Researchers measured saliv…

This study tested how rule changes in 3v3 and 4v4 football games affect elite players' heart rate and ball touches. Twenty-four male professional players did both free-play and controlled-pass games. Researchers measured heart rate and counted ball touches to see which format boo…

This study looked at whether taking green tea extract and ginger supplements, alone or together, can help young men cycle longer and feel more comfortable in normal and cold temperatures. Sixteen recreationally active men completed cycling tests after taking the supplements or a …