EPISIOTOMY

This study tested whether combining pelvic floor training with perineal massage could lower the chance of needing an episiotomy—a surgical cut made during delivery. Over 500 pregnant women took part, and the approach reduced the episiotomy rate to just 5.7%, far below the 10% tar…

This study tested whether sanitary pads containing active oxygen and negative ions can reduce pain and improve healing after an episiotomy (a cut made during childbirth) in first-time mothers. 66 women were randomly assigned to use either the special pads or regular postpartum pa…

This study tested whether injecting the anesthetic ropivacaine into the area of an episiotomy (a cut made during childbirth) reduces pain better than a placebo. 272 women who had an episiotomy during delivery took part. The goal was to see if this simple treatment could improve c…

This completed study looked at whether a hybrid training model—using sponge models, chicken tissue, and virtual reality—can improve midwifery students' confidence and reduce anxiety when learning episiotomy repair. Fifty-one third-year students took part, first practicing on spon…

This study tested whether midwifery students who practice episiotomy repair in pairs learn better than those who practice alone. 92 students were split into two groups. The paired group worked together on calf tongues, while the control group practiced individually. Researchers m…