Jaw tracking could spare ICU patients from invasive breathing tests

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult patients (≥ 18 years) * Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for acute respiratory failure * On invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours with: * A respiratory rate ≤ 35 breaths/minute; * Adequate oxygenation, defined as either an oxygen saturation of at least 90% (obtained during ventilation with a fraction of inspired oxygen \[FiO2\] ≤ 40% and a positive end-expiratory pressure \[PEEP\] ≤ 8 cm of water) or an arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) (measured in mmHg) / FiO2 ratio \> 150 (obtained during ventilation with a PEEP ≤ 8 cm of water); * Respiratory muscle capacity allowing for an effective cough; * A state of wakefulness, defined as a Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS) score of -2 to +1; * No use of continuous sedation; * No use of vasopressors (or use of minimal doses). * At high risk of weaning failure defined by at least one of the following criteria (5): * Age \> 65 years * A cardiac comorbidity among: systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤45%), permanent atrial fibrillation, or a history of cardiogenic pulmonary edema or myocardial ischemia * A respiratory comorbidity among: COPD, restrictive lung disease, or obesity hypoventilation syndrome * Written informed consent obtained from the patient, or in case of incapacity, from the next of kin/trusted person * Patient covered by social security Exclusion Criteria: * Absolute contraindication to NIV (patient refusal, undrained pneumothorax, intractable vomiting, upper airway obstruction, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, severe craniofacial trauma) * Absolute contraindication to nasogastric tube placement (upper gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, skull base trauma) * Persons referred to in Articles L1121-5 to L1121-8 of the CSP (corresponds to all protected persons: pregnant woman, parturient woman, breastfeeding mother, person deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision, persons receiving psychiatric care under Articles L. 3212-1 and L. 3213-1 who do not fall under the provisions of Article L. 1121-8, persons admitted to a health or social establishment for purposes other than research, minors, person subject to a legal protection measure or unable to express their consent).