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Simple breath test may predict therapy success for anxiety disorders

NCT ID NCT05467683

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Jasper A. Smits Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study is testing whether a carbon dioxide (CO2) challenge can predict which patients with anxiety, OCD, PTSD, or panic disorder will not respond to exposure-based therapy. Researchers will enroll 600 adults and measure their reaction to breathing CO2-enriched air before starting 12 weeks of therapy. The goal is to see if this easy test can help clinicians decide whether to recommend exposure therapy or alternative treatments.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
If successful, this could give doctors a simple test to decide whether exposure therapy is likely to work for a patient, saving time and improving treatment choices.
What could go wrong
This is an observational study, not a treatment trial. The biomarker may not prove accurate enough for clinical use, and results may not apply to all patients.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

About 600 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Nov 2022

Expected to finish

Feb 2027

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 70 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * A primary DSM-5 diagnosis of panic disorder (with or without an agoraphobia diagnosis), social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or post-traumatic stress disorder as assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 (SCID-5) * A score of 8 or greater on the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) * Ages 18 to 70 * Willingness and ability to provide informed consent and comply with the requirements of the study protocol. * Proficiency in English (because assessment instruments have only been validated in English) Exclusion Criteria: * A lifetime history of bipolar or psychotic disorders, substance use disorders (other than nicotine) or eating disorder in the past 6 months; serious cognitive impairment. * Active suicidal ideation with at least some intent to act with or without specific plan (a rating of 4 for suicidal ideation on the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale) or suicidal behaviors (actual attempt, interrupted attempt, aborted or self-interrupted attempt, or preparatory acts or behavior) within the past 6 months. * Medical conditions contraindicating CO2 inhalation or hyperventilation challenge (e.g., cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac failure, asthma, lung fibrosis, high blood pressure, epilepsy, or stroke). * Pregnancy or lactation * Ongoing psychotherapy directed toward the primary disorder. * Pharmacological treatment started within 8 weeks prior to the screen (patients "stable" on their medication regimen will be included and their medication status will be included as a variable in the model)

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

generalized anxiety disorder obsessive-compulsive disorder panic disorder post-traumatic stress disorder social phobia

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Generalized anxiety disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder Panic disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder Social anxiety disorder

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    2 sites. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Boston University

    RECRUITING

    Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, United States

  • The University of Texas at Austin

    RECRUITING

    Austin, Texas, 78712, United States

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