Beetroot juice boosts exercise benefits for menopausal women

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Postmenopausal women (amenorrhoeic ≥1 year), between the ages of 45 and 65 years, inclusive, who are either normotensive or are medically treated for stage 1 hypertension * Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Current or recent (within previous 3 months) engagement in exercise training (i.e., planned, structured, and regular exercise) with an average net exercise time of \>2 hours per week * Above-average cardiorespiratory fitness levels (i.e., a V̇O2 max max above the 75th percentile of age- and sex-specific normative data: ≥43 mL/kg/min for women aged 45-49 years, ≥38 mL/kg/min for women aged 50-59 years, ≥35 mL/kg/min for women aged 60-65 years) * Any evidence of acute or chronic diseases such as symptomatic cardiovascular or peripheral vascular disease, moderate or severe chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) \<50 mL/min), pulmonary, neural, or musculoskeletal disease, osteoporotic fractures, cancer, or type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus * Fasting glucose \>7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c \> 6.5 rel. % * BMI \<18.5 kg/m2 or \>30kg/m2 * A mean 24-hour ambulatory systolic/diastolic blood pressure of ≥130/80 mm Hg * Irregular resting electrocardiography (ECG) * Inability to perform physical exercise * Abnormal cardiovascular responses during the baseline V ̇O2 max test, including symptoms, ECG abnormalities, arrhythmias, or exaggerated blood pressure responses * Current or recent (\<12 months) oestrogen-based hormone-replacement therapy * Chronic use of nitric oxide (NO) donors, organic nitrites/nitrates, Ticagrelor, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, high-dose statins (i.e., Simvastatin \>40mg/day, Atorvastatin \>20mg/day, Rosuvastatin \>10mg/day), acetylsalicylic acid \>100mg/day, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) * A change in drug therapy likely to influence major outcomes within the previous 2 months, or likelihood that drug therapy would change during the study * Use of antibiotics (within previous 2 months) * Use of antibacterial mouthwash (volunteers willing to cease using antibacterial mouthwash for a period of 4 weeks before randomization will be included) * Being vegan or vegetarian or consumption of \>5 serves of vegetables per day * Current or recent (within previous 6 months) significant (\>6%) loss or gain of body weight * Current or recent (\<12 months) regular smoking of \>5 cigarettes per day * Alcohol intake of \>70 g per week and/or binge drinking behaviour * Inability or unwillingness to follow the study protocol