Gene study aims to boost kidney transplant success for african americans
NCT ID NCT03615235
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
The APOLLO study looks at how variations in the APOL1 gene, common in people of African ancestry, affect kidney transplant outcomes. Researchers are testing DNA from 5,000 kidney donors and recipients to see if certain gene variants lead to faster kidney failure or harm living donors. The goal is to make transplants safer and more successful for this group.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this study could help doctors better match donors and recipients to improve kidney transplant survival and reduce risks for living donors.
- What could go wrong
- This is an observational study, not a treatment trial. It may not lead to immediate changes in care, and results depend on large-scale data collection.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Participants
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About 5,000 people
The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.
- Started
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Mar 2019
- Expected to finish
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May 2027
An estimate. End dates often move.
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
Who is studied
Thirteen APOLLO Clinical Centers (CCs) will prospectively enroll eligible living kidney donors and recipients of kidney transplants from eligible living and deceased kidney donors at all transplant programs in the continental United States including Puerto Rico. The APOLLO Scientific and Data Research Center (SDRC or Coordinating Center) will support and participate in studies determining the impact of donor and recipient APOL1 genotypes on kidney transplant outcomes in recipients of a kidney transplant from a donor with recent African ancestry, and follow African ancestry living kidney donors for changes in vital status, kidney function and proteinuria. In this protocol, recent African ancestry is broadly defined as African American, Afro-Caribbean, Hispanic black, and African.
- Ages
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Children (under 18), adults (18 to 64) and older adults (65 and over)
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria for Living Donors: * Living kidney donors with self-reported recent African ancestry (defined as African American, Afro-Caribbean, Hispanic black or African) will be eligible for inclusion. Exclusion Criteria for Living Donors: * Participants who are unable or unwilling to provide informed consent. Enrollment and bio sample collection from deceased donors at OPOs ended on May 31, 2023 and recruiting kidney transplant recipients ended on June 15, 2023. Phase II started on 9/1/2023 and only Living Donors will be recruited for an additional 2 years.
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States
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Columbia University Irving Medical Center
New York, New York, 10032, United States
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Duke University
Durham, North Carolina, 27705, United States
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Emory University School of Medicine
Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States
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Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
New York, New York, 10029, United States
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Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States
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Joslin Diabetes Center / Harvard University
Boston, Massachusetts, 02215, United States
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Saint Louis University Center for Transplantation
St Louis, Missouri, 63104, United States
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University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, Alabama, 35233, United States
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University of California San Francisco
San Francisco, California, 94143, United States
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University of Maryland School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland, 21201, United States
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University of Miami / Miami Transplant Institute
Miami, Florida, 33133, United States
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University of Michigan Medicine
Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States
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University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
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University of Wisconsin - Madison
Madison, Wisconsin, 53792, United States
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Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nashville, Tennessee, 37232, United States
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Wake Forest School of Medicine
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, United States
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Weill Cornell Medicine
New York, New York, 10065, United States
More trials for these conditions
Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.
- Can a cancer drug rescue kidneys harmed by rogue antibodies?
- How do HIV drugs behave when kidneys fail? study measures blood levels
- Muscle therapy may restore strength in dialysis patients
- Can we predict who will progress quickly to kidney failure?
- Can software make hospital pharmacists faster and safer?
- Can a new preservation fluid keep donor kidneys healthier for transplant?