Treatment-refractory schizophrenia

This study tests whether adding sodium benzoate—a substance that affects brain glutamate—to standard antipsychotic medication can improve symptoms and thinking in people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. About 90 adults who have not responded well to at least two antipsycho…

This pilot study is testing a brain implant called deep brain stimulation (DBS) for people with schizophrenia that hasn't improved with standard treatments. The device delivers electrical pulses to specific brain areas to try to reduce psychotic symptoms. Ten participants will be…

This study tests whether adding an anti-inflammatory drug to an NMDA-enhancing agent can improve thinking and memory in people with ultra-resistant schizophrenia. About 80 adults who have not responded well to clozapine will receive the combination or a placebo. The goal is to se…

This study compares Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) to standard Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in 80 people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. MST uses magnetic pulses to trigger a controlled seizure, aiming to ease symptoms like hallucinations an…

This study looks at whether maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can prevent relapse in people with schizophrenia that doesn't respond to the strongest medications. About 140 participants who improved after a course of ECT will either continue with maintenance ECT or recei…

People with treatment-resistant schizophrenia often take clozapine, a drug that can cause serious weight gain and metabolic problems. This pilot study tests whether a daily infusion made from the leaves of the Nitraria retusa plant can reduce those side effects. Thirty patients w…

This study tests an experimental drug called evenamide for people with schizophrenia that hasn't improved with standard antipsychotics. About 400 adults will receive either evenamide or a placebo added to their current medication for 12 weeks. The goal is to see if evenamide redu…

This study tests whether acetazolamide, a drug currently used for altitude sickness and glaucoma, can reduce positive symptoms (like hallucinations or delusions) in people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Sixty adults aged 18-55 who still have significant symptoms despite …

This study tests whether adding a second drug that boosts NMDA receptors to a sigma-1 receptor agonist can better reduce schizophrenia symptoms than the sigma-1 drug alone. About 90 adults with schizophrenia who did not improve on at least two antipsychotics will take the combina…

This study tests whether a type of talk therapy focused on sleep (CBT-I) can improve sleep, reduce psychotic symptoms, and enhance quality of life in people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. About 60 adults with chronic psychosis and long-term sleep problems will receive ei…

This study tests whether real-time fMRI neurofeedback can help people with schizophrenia who still hear voices despite medication. Participants learn to control their own brain activity while inside an MRI scanner, aiming to reduce the brain signals linked to auditory hallucinati…