New Under-the-Tongue allergy shot could replace needles

NCT ID NCT07210320

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026

Summary

This study tested a new drug called l-dipivefrin (IN-001) given under the tongue as a spray or drops, compared to standard epinephrine injections, in 32 healthy adults. The goal was to see how the body absorbs the drug and its safety. It is an early-stage study to gather information, not to treat a disease.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Phase 1

The first testing in people. Mainly checks safety and dose, usually in a small group.

Participants

32 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Oct 2025

Finished

Apr 2026

Lead sponsor

A company

The lead sponsor is a pharmaceutical, biotech, or medical-device company.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 45 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * To participate in this trial, volunteers must meet all of the inclusion criteria listed below: 1. Age \> 18 years of age and \< 45 years of age. 2. Women of childbearing potential or men with childbearing potential partners must agree that the participant and/or their partner will use the following effective methods of birth control from screening visit until 14 days after the last dose of study drug: 1. Abstinence 2. Hormonal contraceptives for at least one month prior to Screening 3. Double barrier (e.g., diaphragm with spermicide, condom with spermicide) 4. Intrauterine device (IUD) 5. Surgically sterile (e.g., bilateral tubal ligation, total or partial hysterectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy) * Note: Females will be considered post-menopausal if they * are at least 45 years of age with amenorrhea for at least one year, or * received bilateral oophorectomy with or without a hysterectomy. 3. BMI \> 18.50 and \< 29.90 kg/m2 (using formula BMI = weight (kg)/height (m2). 4. All clinical laboratory test results (e.g., hematology, chemistry, urinalysis) are within normal limits or considered not clinically significant by Investigator. 5. Serum pseudocholinesterase activity is within normal limits or considered not clinically significant by Investigator. 6. Physical examination (excluding genital and rectal exams) is normal or considered not clinically significant by Investigator. 7. Vital signs measurements (pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and respiratory rate) are normal or considered not clinically significant by Investigator, while seated or semi-recumbent and after 5 minutes of rest. Normal vital sign ranges are listed below: 1. Systolic blood pressure: 90 - 140 mmHg 2. Diastolic blood pressure: 50 - 90 mmHg 3. Pulse rate: 45 - 100 beats per minute (bpm) 4. Oral body temperature: 35.0°C - 37.5°C 8. 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is normal or considered not clinically significant by Investigator. 9. Participants must agree to not consume caffeine and/or xanthine containing products (i.e., coffee, tea, chocolate, caffeine-containing sodas, etc.), grapefruit and grapefruit containing products, and poppyseed containing foods within 48 hours prior to Period 1 check-in. 10. Able to comply with study procedures, in the opinion of the Investigator(s). 11. Willing to provide written consent for screening procedures. Legally authorized representatives will not be allowed to sign on behalf of participants in this trial. Exclusion Criteria: * To participate in this trial, volunteers must not meet any of the exclusion criteria listed below: 1. Resident of a care facility, incarcerated individual, or individual in residential treatment facilities. 2. Pregnant and/or breastfeeding. 1. Females of childbearing potential should have a negative pregnancy test. 2. Females must agree to refrain from breastfeeding from screening visit through 14 days after the last dose of study drug. 3. Known history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 1 \& 2 and hepatitis B \& C virus. 4. Clinically significant history of alcoholism within the last 12 months, per Investigator's discretion. Participants must a. have a negative breath alcohol test at screening. b. agree to abstain from using alcohol for 7 days prior to dosing in Period 1 until the end of study. 5. Clinically significant history of addiction, abuse, and misuse of any drug, per the Investigator's discretion. Participants must a. have a negative drug test for substances of abuse at screening. b. agree to abstain from using drugs for 7 days prior to dosing in Period 1 until the end of study. 6. Use of tobacco/nicotine containing products (e.g., chewing tobacco, smoking cigarettes, and/or electronic cigarettes) within the last 12 months. Participants must agree to abstain from using tobacco/nicotine containing products from the screening visit until the end of study. 7. Use of or planned use of any investigational products (i.e., dosing in any clinical investigation) within 30 days prior to Period 1 dosing or within 10 half-lives of the investigational agent previously taken (whichever is longer). 8. Use of or planned use of any prescription medications, except hormonal contraceptives, within 14 days prior to Period 1 dosing. 9. Use of or planned use of any over-the-counter medications (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen, antacids, etc.) within 5 days prior to Period 1 dosing. 10. Use of or planned use of hormone replacement therapy within 90 days prior to Period 1 dosing. 11. Use of or planned use of any of the following medications within 30 days prior to Period 1 dosing: 1. Ergot alkaloids 2. Cardiac glycosides 3. Diuretics 4. Anti-arrhythmic medications 5. Tricyclic antidepressants 6. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 7. Levothyroxine sodium 8. Antihistamines, including chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine 9. Tripelennamine 10. Propranolol 11. Phentolamine 12. Proton pump inhibitors 13. Antihypertensives 14. Chlorpromazine 15. Ethosuximide 16. Haloperidol 17. Lithium carbonate 18. Meperidine 19. Methenamine therapy 20. Norepinephrine 21. Phenobarbital 22. Phenytoin 23. Propoxyphene 24. Veratrum alkaloids 12. Any major illness in the last 3 months or any significant ongoing chronic medical illness as determined by the Investigator. 13. Presence or history of clinically significant disorders involving cardiovascular (e.g., cardiac arrhythmias, coronary artery or organic heart disease, or hypertension), respiratory, renal, hepatic, dermatologic, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, immunologic, hematologic, endocrine (e.g., hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, or diabetes) or neurologic systems (e.g., Parkinson's disease), or psychiatric disease (e.g., depression), as determined by the Investigator. 14. History of complaints of frequent dizziness or lightheadedness occurring more than once every week. 15. Existence of any surgical or medical condition which, in the judgment of the Investigator, might interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or elimination of the study drug or is likely to compromise the safety of the participant. 16. Evidence of allergy or known hypersensitivity to epinephrine, sodium metabisulfite, or to any of the components of its formulation. 17. History or presence of difficult venipuncture for blood sampling. 18. History or presence of open sores or areas of irritation, redness, swelling, bleeding, lesions, piercings, or mucous membranes within the mouth. 19. Below normal serum pseudocholinesterase levels, defined as: a. Males i. All ages: \< 5,320 U/L b. Females i. Not taking hormonal contraceptives <!-- --> 1. Ages 18-39 years: \< 4,260 U/L 2. Ages \> 40 years: \< 5,320 U/L ii. Taking hormonal contraceptives <!-- --> 1. Ages 18-41 years: \< 3,650 U/L 2. Ages \> 42 years: \< 5,320 U/L 20\. Any blood donation, or excess blood loss, within 30 days prior to Period 1 dosing and throughout the duration of the study. Participant agrees to continue to abstain from blood donation, outside of study activities, through end of study. 21\. Any plasma donations or plans to donate plasma within 14 days prior to Period 1 dosing and throughout the duration of the study. Participant agrees to continue to abstain from plasma donation, outside of study activities, through end of study.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine

    St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States

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Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.