Which HSG method hurts less and shows more? study puts three techniques to the test

This completed study looked at 251 women with infertility who had a hysterosalpingography (HSG) — an X-ray test that checks if the fallopian tubes are open. The researchers compared three different ways of doing the test: using a metal cannula, an active balloon, or a passive balloon. They measured how much pain each method caused and how well the images helped doctors see the tubes clearly. The goal was to find which technique is best for both patient comfort and accurate diagnosis.