Brain scans reveal hidden effects of childhood cancer treatment

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: Children Treated for Posterior Fossa Tumors: * As per medical record or clinical report, successfully completed all medical treatment for either an M0 posterior fossa medulloblastoma without dissemination or posterior fossa low-grade astrocytoma without relapse or evidence of residual disease. * For medulloblastoma survivors only: Previously treated with gross total resection (GTR), craniospinal irradiation with conformal posterior fossa boost radiotherapy (CSI + Boost) and chemotherapy * For low grade astrocytoma survivors only: Previously treated with gross total resection ONLY (no chemotherapy or radiotherapy). * As per medical record or clinician report, between 1-10 years post completion of their medical treatment for their posterior fossa brain tumor. * Subject is between the ages of 6 through 16 years at time of consent. * As per medical record or parent report, subject is able to tolerate an MRI without sedation. Healthy Control Participants: * No major medical illness, as determined by medical interview by study physician. * As per parent report, subject is between the ages of 6 through 16 years at time of consent. * As per parent report, subject is able to tolerate an MRI without sedation. Exclusion Criteria: All Participants: * Full Scale IQ as documented to be below a standard score of \<70 based upon the study IQ assessment completed after consent. * As per self or parent report, completed any portion of the neuropsychological battery used in this study within the last year. * MRI contraindications (e.g., implanted ferromagnetic devices, claustrophobia) as per radiology clinical operating procedures. * As per self or parent report or medical record, currently taking medications that have CNS effects (i.e., antidepressants, neuroleptics, anti-seizure medications, drugs that affect blood pressure or heart rate, alpha-agonists, adrenergic blockers, lithium, sedating antihistamines, and some medications for the treatment of asthma). * As per self or parent report, non-fluency in English language as demonstrated by current educational placement in a non-English-speaking classroom setting.