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Whistle blowing: Referees' jaw troubles under the microscope

NCT ID NCT07662486

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Istanbul Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study looked at jaw disorders and teeth grinding in 76 elite basketball referees compared to healthy people. Referees face high stress and often hold a whistle between their teeth, which may strain the jaw. Researchers used ultrasound to measure jaw muscle thickness and found that referees may be at higher risk for these problems.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
If successful, this study could highlight occupational risks for referees and suggest ways to prevent jaw problems.
What could go wrong
This is a small, completed observational study, so it cannot prove cause and effect. Results may not apply to other groups.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Participants

76 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Mar 2025

Finished

Jun 2026

Lead sponsor

A government agency

The lead sponsor is a government body.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Who is studied

Elite Basketball Referees who were actively officiating in the Turkish Basketball Super League of Men and Women during the 2024-2025 season. Healthy Controls who were the individuals aged 18-50 without a history of temporomandibular disorders or bruxism, recruited from hospital staff, patient relatives, and Turkish Basketball Federation employees.

Ages

18 to 50 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 18-50 years * Willingness to participate * Adequate cognitive ability to follow instructions Exclusion Criteria: * Refusal to participate * Dental or periodontal pain * History of temporomandibular disorder treatment * Occlusal abnormalities * History of head, neck, or jaw surgery * Use of medications affecting neuromuscular or bone metabolism * Use of wind instruments (e.g., flute, clarinet, trumpet)

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

bruxism temporomandibular joint disorder

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Bruxism Temporomandibular disorder (TMD)

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Izel Deniz Pehlivan Çakıcı

    Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

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