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Brain training may strengthen movement after spinal cord injury

NCT ID NCT04286191

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Medical University of South Carolina Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 26, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study tested whether a brain-spinal cord-muscle training program can strengthen connections that control movement in people with spinal cord injury. Twenty-one participants completed four months of training using brain stimulation and muscle monitoring. The goal was to see if this training could improve walking and reduce muscle spasticity.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Operant conditioning training with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
What this could lead to
If successful, this training approach could point toward a non-invasive way to improve walking and movement control after spinal cord injury.
What could go wrong
This is a small, early-stage study (21 participants) focused on measuring changes in the nervous system, not on proving a treatment works. Results may not apply to everyone with spinal cord injury.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

21 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Feb 2021

Finished

Nov 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Neurologically stable (\>1 year post SCI) * Medical clearance to participate * Ability to ambulate at least 10 m with or without an assistive device (except for parallel bars) * Signs of weak ankle dorsiflexion at least unilaterally * Expectation that current medication will be maintained without change for at least 3 months; stable use of anti-spasticity medication is accepted Exclusion Criteria: * motoneuron injury * known cardiac condition (e.g., history of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, pacemaker use) * medically unstable condition * cognitive impairment * history of epileptic seizures * metal implants in the cranium * implanted biomedical device in or above the ches (e.g., a cardiac pacemaker, cochlear implant) * no measurable MEP elicited * unable to produce any voluntary TA EMG activity * extensive use of functional electrical stimulation to the leg on a daily basis * pregnancy (due to changes in weight and posture and potential medical instability)

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

Muscle Spasticity nervous system injury palsy spinal cord injury

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Neurological injury Paralysis Spasticity, muscle Spinal cord injuries

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Medical University of South Carolina

    Charleston, South Carolina, 29425, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.