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Could an antibiotic help when antidepressants fail?

NCT ID NCT03947827

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study tested whether adding the antibiotic minocycline to usual antidepressants can reduce symptoms in people with treatment-resistant depression. Over 12 weeks, 76 participants received either minocycline or a placebo. The goal was to see if the drug improves mood, anxiety, and quality of life by targeting brain inflammation.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Minocycline (an antibiotic)
What this could lead to
If it works, this could offer a new option for people with depression that hasn't responded to standard antidepressants.
What could go wrong
This is a small, completed trial with only 76 participants. Results may not apply to everyone, and minocycline can cause side effects like dizziness or nausea.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Phase 3

Large-scale testing in a bigger group. Usually the last step before a treatment can be approved.

Participants

76 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Feb 2020

Finished

Jan 2025

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 80 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Outpatients 2. Voluntary and competent to consent to treatment 3. DSM-5 diagnosis of non-psychotic MDD, single or recurrent, based on the SCID-5 4. Male or female aged between 18-80 5. Total score \> 3 on ATHF 6. Baseline HRSD-17 score \> 14 7. Able to adhere to study schedule 8. If female of childbearing potential, currently on a medically acceptable form of birth control (oral contraceptives, contraceptive injections, IUD, contraceptive patch, male partner sterilization, abstinence, or barrier methods plus spermicide) 9. Currently taking one of the following standard antidepressants: Escitalopram, Citalopram, Sertraline, Venlafaxine, Duloxetine, Mirtazapine or Bupropion 10. Been on same dose of all psychotropic medications for \> 4 weeks prior to enrolment Exclusion Criteria: 1. DSM-5 substance use disorder within past 3 months, moderate or severe, based on SCID-5 2. Concomitant major unstable medical illness 3. Pregnancy or intent to become pregnant during study period 4. DSM-5 diagnosis of psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within last year 5. DSM-5 diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) 6. Possible or probable dementia 7. Prior or current intolerance or contraindication to tetracyclines 8. Abnormal readings in hematology, liver, or renal function tests 9. Have Myasthenia Gravis 10. Concomitant treatment with anticoagulants, diuretics, retinoids, ergot alkaloids, antacids containing aluminium/calcium/magnesium, bismuth and zinc salts, or quinapril

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

cyclopia sequence Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant Neuroinflammatory Diseases

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

    Toronto, Ontario, M6J 1H4, Canada

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.