Could an antibiotic help when antidepressants fail?
NCT ID NCT03947827
First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time
Summary
This study tested whether adding the antibiotic minocycline to usual antidepressants can reduce symptoms in people with treatment-resistant depression. Over 12 weeks, 76 participants received either minocycline or a placebo. The goal was to see if the drug improves mood, anxiety, and quality of life by targeting brain inflammation.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Minocycline (an antibiotic)
- What this could lead to
- If it works, this could offer a new option for people with depression that hasn't responded to standard antidepressants.
- What could go wrong
- This is a small, completed trial with only 76 participants. Results may not apply to everyone, and minocycline can cause side effects like dizziness or nausea.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
-
Phase 3
Large-scale testing in a bigger group. Usually the last step before a treatment can be approved.
- Participants
-
76 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
-
Feb 2020
- Finished
-
Jan 2025
- Lead sponsor
-
Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
-
18 to 80 years
- Sex
-
Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
-
Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Outpatients 2. Voluntary and competent to consent to treatment 3. DSM-5 diagnosis of non-psychotic MDD, single or recurrent, based on the SCID-5 4. Male or female aged between 18-80 5. Total score \> 3 on ATHF 6. Baseline HRSD-17 score \> 14 7. Able to adhere to study schedule 8. If female of childbearing potential, currently on a medically acceptable form of birth control (oral contraceptives, contraceptive injections, IUD, contraceptive patch, male partner sterilization, abstinence, or barrier methods plus spermicide) 9. Currently taking one of the following standard antidepressants: Escitalopram, Citalopram, Sertraline, Venlafaxine, Duloxetine, Mirtazapine or Bupropion 10. Been on same dose of all psychotropic medications for \> 4 weeks prior to enrolment Exclusion Criteria: 1. DSM-5 substance use disorder within past 3 months, moderate or severe, based on SCID-5 2. Concomitant major unstable medical illness 3. Pregnancy or intent to become pregnant during study period 4. DSM-5 diagnosis of psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within last year 5. DSM-5 diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) 6. Possible or probable dementia 7. Prior or current intolerance or contraindication to tetracyclines 8. Abnormal readings in hematology, liver, or renal function tests 9. Have Myasthenia Gravis 10. Concomitant treatment with anticoagulants, diuretics, retinoids, ergot alkaloids, antacids containing aluminium/calcium/magnesium, bismuth and zinc salts, or quinapril
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
-
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Toronto, Ontario, M6J 1H4, Canada
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