Kidney transplant breakthrough: could this be the end of lifelong pills?

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: Recipient: * Adult candidates of an human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-non-identical, living-donor kidney transplant: --Candidates must meet the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) criteria, including laboratory criteria, for transplant listing; * Evidence of established immunity to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) as demonstrated by serologic testing; * Serological evidence of prior Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection if donor is CMV positive; * For women of child bearing potential: * A negative serum or urine pregnancy test with sensitivity of less than 50 mIU/mL within 72 hours of start of study medication; and * Agreement to use contraception: \--- According to the FDA Office of Women's Health (http://www.fda.gov/birthcontrol), there are a number of birth control methods that are more than 80% effective ----Female recipients of child-bearing potential must consult with their physician and determine the most suitable method(s) from this list to be used for 18 months after the first dose of study therapy. Donor: * Meets institutional selection criteria for organ and bone marrow donation: --All donors will be screened and tested in accordance with: * (i) FDA 21 CRF 1271.85 requirements for donors of human cells, tissues, and cellular- and tissue-based products (HCT/P); and * (ii) standards for living kidney donors testing for infection established by the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS). * Ability to understand and provide informed consent for all study procedures including kidney transplant and bone marrow harvest. Exclusion Criteria: Recipient: * History of any immunodeficiency syndrome (including Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2); * Positive anti-Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), anti-Hepatitis C Virus (HBV) PCR, or HBV surface antigen; * History of malignancy within 5 years of enrollment or any history of hematogenous malignancy or lymphoma; --Exception: Participants with curatively treated non-melanomatous skin cancer or curatively treated cervical carcinoma in situ may be enrolled. * Underlying renal disease with high likelihood of recurrence, including but not limited to: * primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), * Type I or II membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), * hemolytic-uremic syndrome and * thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (HUS/TTP) syndrome. ---Subject(s) with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) of unknown etiology and/or has no histologically confirmed diagnosis, may be enrolled into the study as long as there are no clinical signs or symptoms consistent with excluded clinical diagnoses. * History of active M. tuberculosis: --Participants with a history of latent M. tuberculosis (LTB) as defined by positive testing for tuberculosis using an approved IGRA blood test, such as QuantiFERON®-Gold TB or T-SPOT-TB assay must: * have completed treatment for LTB and * have a negative chest x-ray. ----All participants will undergo IGRA testing for M tuberculosis within 3 months prior to transplant. * Current or historical evidence of donor-specific antibody; * Immunosuppressive drug therapy within one year prior to enrollment. * May not be taking or have taken prednisone, cyclosporine A, tacrolimus, azathioprine, Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF), cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, infliximab, etanercept, or other agents which have a primary therapeutic effect of immunosuppression in the year prior to transplantation. * May not have taken depletional anti-lymphocyte agents at any time. ---Exceptions: * Short (≤ 30 days) courses of topical or inhaled steroids are permitted, as are * Short oral or parental pulses for a documented hypersensitivity reaction. * Active autoimmune disease requiring ongoing immunosuppressive therapy or other conditions in which there is an anticipated need for immunosuppressive maintenance therapy; * Uncompensated congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, or symptomatic pulmonary hypertension; * Active severe infection within a month of the screening visit; * Use of an investigational drug within 30 days of the screening visit; * Presence of any medical condition that the investigator deems incompatible with trial participation; or * Inability or unwillingness to comply with protocol monitoring and therapy. Donor: * History of blood donation to the recipient; * Evidence of prior Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection if the recipient is CMV negative; * History of HIV-1/HIV-2 infection; * Positive HCV PCR, HBV PCR or HBV surface antigen;or * Presence of any medical condition that the investigator deems incompatible with trial participation.