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Virtual reality cycling may sharpen brain function after TBI

NCT ID NCT04901286

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: Kessler Foundation Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

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Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 26, 2026 · Last updated Jun 26, 2026

Summary

This study looked at whether a single session of moderate cycling, done in a lab, with a non-immersive virtual reality screen, or with a full immersive virtual reality headset, could improve thinking speed and multitasking in 24 adults with traumatic brain injury. Participants completed three different cycling sessions, and their cognitive performance was measured before and after. The goal was to see if the environment during exercise makes a difference for brain function.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
moderate intensity aerobic exercise (cycling) with or without virtual reality environments
What this could lead to
If it works, this could point toward simple ways to boost cognitive function after brain injury using exercise and virtual reality.
What could go wrong
This is a small, early study with only 24 participants. The effects of exercise on cognition are often small, and the added benefit of virtual reality may not be significant.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

24 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Aug 2021

Finished

Mar 2023

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 to 65 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Be at least 18 years of age and younger than 59 years of age * Speak English as their primary language * Have had a previous TBI at least one year prior\\ Exclusion Criteria: * Have contraindications to moderate or high intensity physical activity, based on the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) * Have a history of psychiatric illness (ex: major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia), neurological disorders beyond TBI (ex: stroke, seizure disorder), or substance abuse * Currently use medications that might impact cognition (ex: steroids, benzodiazepines, neuroleptics) * Be currently pregnant * Have visual impairments not otherwise corrected by contact lenses (ex: stereo blindness, colorblindness) * Have a high likelihood of motion sickness

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

Brain Injuries, Traumatic traumatic brain injury

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Traumatic brain injury

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Kessler Foundation

    East Hanover, New Jersey, 07936, United States

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.