Community exercise program aims to boost health in older adults with multiple chronic conditions

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged ≥50 years; * At least 2 of the following: Prior cardiovascular disease (\>12 months); High cardiovascular risk (SCORE2 or SCORE2 O.P.); Post-stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) with treated etiology; Type 2 Diabetes (\> 6 months, ADA); Osteoarthristis (clinical signs/symptoms, NICE); Overweight/Obesity (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2). * Autonomous walking. * Able to provide informed consent. * Stable medications for ≥ 3 months (related to diagnoses of interest). * Physical activity below WHO recommendations. * No contraindications to exercise (cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal) according to ACSS. Exclusion Criteria: * Moderate to severe cognitive impairment - Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). * Type 2 Myocardial Infarction. * Class III or IV angina (Canadian Cardiovascular Society). * Class III or IV angina (New York Heart Association). * Uncontrolled CVD: symptomatic arrhythmias with hemodynamic compromise; severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis; uncontrolled symptomatic heart failure; endocarditis, pericarditis, or active myocarditis; acute aortic syndrome; suspected or known dissecting aneurysm; acute systemic infections. * Pacemaker user. * Neurological disorders affecting gait. * Severe diabetes-related complications contraindicating exercise (poor metabolic control, diabetic foot, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic autonomic neuropathy). * Recent use of insulin or sulphonylureas (\< 3 months). * Untreated stroke etiology: indication for revascularization; non-anticoagulated atrial fibrillation; intracranial atherosclerotic occlusive disease. * Musculoskeletal or ocular conditions preventing strength training (acute herniated disc, fractures, recent spinal surgery, glaucoma with elevated intraocular pressure). * Terminal illness. * Inability to understand basic oral or written Portuguese. * Participation in supervised dietary intervention.