Kessler Foundation

This study tested whether methylphenidate, a drug used for ADHD, can reduce cognitive fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis. 36 adults with MS took either the drug or a placebo for several weeks, and researchers measured changes in fatigue and thinking speed. The goal is to g…

This small pilot study tested whether a non-invasive treatment called extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) can safely reduce spasticity—painful muscle stiffness and spasms—in people with chronic spinal cord injury. Five participants received either ESWT or a sham treatment, an…

This study looked at whether one session of moderate cycling with virtual reality can help people with multiple sclerosis (MS) think faster. 23 adults with MS and mild-to-moderate walking problems took part. They did a cycling workout while using different types of virtual realit…

This study tested a new way to help stroke survivors with aphasia improve their reading. It combined a language therapy called Phono-Motor Treatment (PMT) with a safe, painless brain stimulation technique (tDCS). Six people with chronic aphasia took part. The goal was to see if a…

This study looked at whether people with Parkinson's disease learn better when feedback on their answers is delayed by 25 minutes instead of given right away. Researchers think delayed feedback may work through brain pathways not damaged by Parkinson's. Forty participants without…

This study looked at whether exercising in different settings (like indoors vs. outdoors) can improve thinking skills in people with traumatic brain injury. Twenty-four adults with a past TBI did a single session of moderate cycling. Researchers measured changes in multitasking, …