Could a custom vaccine retrain the immune system in type 1 diabetes?

NCT ID NCT04590872

First seen Jun 24, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This early-phase trial tests a new type of immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes. The treatment uses a vaccine made from the patient's own immune cells and a piece of insulin-producing cell protein. The goal is to teach the immune system to stop attacking the pancreas, potentially preserving some insulin production. Six adults with type 1 diabetes who use insulin and have no other diabetes complications are participating.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance

A vaccine made from the patient's own immune cells (dendritic cells) combined with a piece of insulin-producing cell protein (proinsulin peptide C19-A3)

What this could lead to

If it works, this could point toward a way to preserve the body's ability to make some insulin, potentially reducing the need for injected insulin and preventing long-term complications.

What could go wrong

This is a very early, small pilot study with only 6 people, so results may not apply broadly. The vaccine may not work, and there could be side effects like allergic reactions or immune system issues.

Disclaimer Read more

This is a summary of the original study . Summaries may miss details or leave out important information. Before applying or accepting participation, make sure you have read and understood the full study. Curemydisease.com takes no responsibility whatsoever for anything missed, misunderstood, or acted upon as a result of our summary — we know it does not capture everything.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

type 1 diabetes mellitus

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • City of Hope Medical Center

    Duarte, California, 91010, United States