Effects of aerobic or resistance exercise, or both on intrahepatic lipid in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized controlled trial

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease pantients with high willingness and compliance; 2. Age: 18-45 years old; 3. BMI: 25-40kg/m2; 4. Liver MRI-PDFF \> 10%; 5. Weight change \<3% within 3 months before the intervention; 6. Being sedentary (≤60 minutes/week of moderate intensity exercise) 7. Without diabetes, or combined with type 2 diabetes (lifestyle control and glycated hemoglobin ≤7%). Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with a history of excessive alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption was defined as an average daily consumption of more than 20g of ethanol in women and 30g in men. 2. Other types of chronic liver disease: such as viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, autoimmune liver disease, Wilson's disease, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, hemochromatosis, drug-induced liver disease, etc. 3. Combined with other metabolic diseases: such as type 1 diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, cushing syndrome, etc. 4. Patients with cardiovascular disease: such as uncontrolled hypertension, acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, severe arrhythmia requiring medical therapy, etc. 5. Patients with cerebrovascular diseases: such as cerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, etc. 6. Patients with the history of biliary obstruction, neuromuscular disease, skeletal deformity, severe osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, and malignancy. 7. Patients used drugs which may have potential effects on MASLD within 1 year before randomization, including PPAR agonist, SGLT2 inhibitor, GLP1 receptor agonist, insulin, etc. 8. Patients with the history of bariatric surgery, major surgery within 8 weeks before randomization, etc, 9. Patients were enrolled in another clinical trial for the treatment of MASLD or weight loss within 1 year before randomization. 10. Pregnancy, lactation period, or women who plan to pregnant within 6 months before randomization. 11. Patients with mental healthy problems requiring medication. 12. Inability or unwillingness to undergo magnetic resonance imaging, including claustrophobia, implantable cardioverter defibrillators, and pacemakers. 13. Patients cannot complete 12-week exercise plan due to some reasons, such as frequent business trips. 14. After assessment, patients are not suitable or unable to participate in this clinical trial due to personal reasons.