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What happens to the immune system after COVID-19? a major study aims to find out.

NCT ID NCT04362150

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: University of California, San Francisco Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jul 23, 2026 · Last updated Jul 24, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study follows 800 adults who have recovered from COVID-19 to understand how their immune systems respond over the long term. By collecting blood samples and health data, researchers hope to uncover why some people develop lingering symptoms, known as Long COVID. The goal is to build a detailed picture of the body's immune memory and identify factors that influence recovery.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
Could help identify why some people develop Long COVID and point toward ways to prevent or treat it.
What could go wrong
This is an observational study, not a treatment trial, so it won't directly test any therapy. Findings may take years to translate into clinical practice.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Participants

About 800 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Apr 2020

Expected to finish

Dec 2030

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Who is studied

The investigators will enroll individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection across a wide spectrum of age, race, gender, and disease severity.

Ages

18 to 100 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Willing and able to provide written informed consent, and 2. Age \>/= 18 years, and 3. A history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as evidenced by: 1. Available laboratory documentation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity on a nucleic acid amplification test or by serologic testing when this becomes available, or 2. Reference by the participant to a laboratory test performed on respiratory tract secretions or blood, fingerstick, or saliva test that was reported to the participant to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 infection, 4. And a period of 21 days or more has elapsed since the first positive test or symptoms preceding the first positive test, whichever is earlier. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Self-reported or documented chronic anemia with hemoglobin \< 9 g/dL. Anemia during a preceding acute illness will not be exclusionary. 2. Serious medical or psychiatric illness that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would interfere with the ability to adhere to study requirements or to give informed consent. 3. Active drug or alcohol use or dependence that, in the opinion of the Principal Investigator, would interfere with adherence to study requirements or to give informed consent.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

Coronavinae infectious disease COVID-19 long COVID-19

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

COVID

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital (ZSFG)

    RECRUITING

    San Francisco, California, 94110, United States

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