A prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled, non-inferiority clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of cardiac pulsed field ablation devices combined with single-use spherical pulsed ablation catheters in treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 years and ≤75 years, without gender restriction * Patients with symptomatic, recurrent, drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation * Subjects scheduled for atrial fibrillation catheter ablation * Subjects who agree to participate in this study and voluntarily sign the informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: * Persistent atrial fibrillation, or atrial fibrillation secondary to electrolyte disturbance, thyroid disease, alcohol or other reversible/non-cardiac causes * Anterior-posterior left atrial diameter (measured by MRI, CT or TTE) ≥55 mm * Prior history of any atrial surgery or atrial endocardial/epicardial ablation, except cavotricuspid isthmus ablation or right-sided supraventricular tachycardia ablation * Existing left atrial thrombus, atrial myxoma, atrial septal patch or shunt device * Prior or planned concomitant left atrial appendage closure procedure at index procedure * Diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy * History of congenital heart disease with residual anatomical or conduction abnormalities * Hemodynamically significant valvular heart disease judged by investigator to be ineligible for enrollment * Prior valve repair or valve replacement surgery * Implanted pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy device * NYHA functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ * Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% * Symptomatic hypotension or uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure \>160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure \>95 mmHg in two baseline measurements) * Symptomatic resting bradycardia or type-second-degree or third-degree atrioventricular block * Contraindication to systemic anticoagulation, or unwillingness to receive systemic anticoagulation * Medical conditions that may interfere with study participation, assessment or treatment, significantly increase study-related risk, or alter study outcomes, including but not limited to: moderate-to-severe COPD, moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension, or diseases causing severe dyspnea or resting hypoxemia; renal insufficiency (eGFR\<30 ml/min/1.73 m²) or history of hemodialysis or renal transplantation; active malignancy or treated malignancy within 24 months prior to enrollment (excluding basal cell or squamous cell skin carcinoma); active systemic infection * Myocardial infarction, unstable angina, heart failure hospitalization within 3 months prior to enrollment; any cardiac interventional or open-heart surgery within 1 month prior to enrollment (coronary angiography excluded) * Stroke (excluding silent stroke), transient ischemic attack or any thromboembolic event within 3 months prior to enrollment * Expected survival less than 1 year * Female subjects who are pregnant, lactating, or planning pregnancy during study period * Participation in another interventional device clinical trial within 1 month before enrollment, or within 5 half-lives of last study drug for drug clinical trials * Any other condition judged by investigator to make the subject unsuitable for this clinical trial