Live bacteria cream shows promise for rare skin disease

NCT ID NCT06137157

Completed Disease control Sponsor: Azitra Inc. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jul 30, 2026 · Updated 2 times

Summary

This early-stage trial tests a cream called ATR12-351 for Netherton syndrome, a rare genetic skin condition. The cream contains live bacteria that produce a protein missing in people with the disease. Twelve adults will apply the cream to one side of their body and a placebo to the other side twice daily for two weeks. The main goal is to check safety, but researchers will also look for signs of improvement.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only — not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance: ATR12-351 (a cream containing live bacteria that produce a missing protein)
What this could lead to: If it works, this could point toward a new way to manage Netherton syndrome symptoms by restoring a missing skin protein.
What could go wrong: This is a very early, small Phase 1 trial with only 12 people. It is primarily testing safety, not effectiveness. The treatment is applied for just 2 weeks, so long-term benefits are unknown.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

ichthyosis Netherton syndrome skin disorder

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

NETHERTON SYNDROME

Contacts and locations

Locations

Stanford University

Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States
Yale University

New Haven, Connecticut, 06519, United States

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