Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre

This study tested two numbing medicines for minor surgeries. 100 adults received either bupivacaine alone or bupivacaine mixed with tramadol. Those who got the combination reported less pain, especially 24 hours after surgery. The results suggest that adding tramadol can improve …

This study looked at 168 men having hernia surgery to see if using staples or stitches to hold the mesh in place causes less pain afterward. Pain was measured on a 0-10 scale right after surgery. The goal is to find which method helps patients feel better sooner.

This study tested two creams for melasma, a skin condition causing dark patches on the face. 34 adults used either a triple combination cream or a metformin gel every night for 12 weeks, plus sunscreen during the day. Researchers measured how much the dark spots improved to see w…