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Vapers vs. smokers: who has worse withdrawal?

NCT ID NCT05772845

Knowledge-focused Sponsor: State University of New York at Buffalo Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study looks at how daily vapers and cigarette smokers experience withdrawal when they stop using nicotine for 24 hours. Researchers will measure mood, cravings, attention, and other symptoms in 370 participants. The goal is to better understand nicotine dependence and help develop future treatments.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

What this could lead to
If successful, this research could help develop better treatments for nicotine addiction by clarifying how withdrawal differs between vaping and smoking.
What could go wrong
This is an observational study, not a treatment trial. Results may not lead directly to new therapies, and individual experiences with withdrawal can vary widely.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

About 370 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Feb 2023

Expected to finish

Nov 2026

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

21 to 50 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Accepted

You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * 6+ months of daily/near-daily nicotine vaping and/or cigarette smoking (to yield 160 vapers, 160 smokers, 50 dual users) * 200+ ng/mL cotinine on a commercially-available quick screen Current Exclusion Criteria: * intention to quit daily/near-daily vaping/smoking in the next month * current (2+ days out of the past 7) use of pipe tobacco, hookah/shisha, smokeless tobacco, dissolvable tobacco, nicotine pouches. For vaping group only, current (2+ days out of past 7) use of cigars, cigarillos, or filtered cigars that are filled with tobacco or a mix of tobacco and marijuana * current use of any smoking cessation medication * current severe substance dependence other than tobacco/nicotine (including cannabis; NIDA Modified ASSIST of 27+) * current (past 2 weeks) suicidal ideation with intent and/or plan * current antipsychotic medications or lifetime history of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder * pregnancy (intake urine screen) Original Exclusion Criteria that have been modified or eliminated: * \>1 use in past month of tobacco/nicotine products other than ENDS and combustible cigarettes (modified 5/19/25 - see current exclusion criteria) * alcohol: AUDIT \> 15 for males and \>13 for females (eliminated 7/25/23) * current major depression (PHQ-9\>11) (eliminated 7/25/23) * suicide risk (answer to question #9 on PHQ-9 is anything other than "Not at all") (modified 11/17/23 - see current exclusion criteria)

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

nicotine dependence

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Acute abstinence from cigarettes VS E-cigarettes (ENDS)

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • University at Buffalo

    RECRUITING

    Buffalo, New York, 14260, United States

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