New hope for HER2+ breast cancer: switching drug combos after treatment fails

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Voluntarily signed the informed consent form with good compliance. 2. Female, aged 18 years or older. 3. Histologically confirmed diagnosis of HER2-positive advanced or metastatic breast cancer. 4. Metastatic lesions confirmed by MRI/contrast-enhanced CT, with at least one measurable lesion according to RECIST 1.1 criteria. 5. For patients previously treated with trastuzumab or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the early-stage setting, recurrence must have occurred more than 1 year after the completion of prior treatment. 6. ECOG performance status score of 0-2. 7. Eligible patients meeting the treatment criteria specified in this study protocol may be included. This includes:Patients whose prior first-line and second-line treatments both align with the requirements of this protocol；Patients currently receiving second-line treatment whose prior first-line treatment aligns with the requirements of this protocol；The above populations may have previously received or not received trastuzumab and/or pertuzumab, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (e.g., pyrotinib, etc.), and may include patients with brain metastases, among others. \- Exclusion Criteria: 1. Known allergy to the drugs involved in this trial or their excipients. 2. Current or recent use of medications that may affect the metabolism or efficacy of pyrotinib or trastuzumab, such as strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., itraconazole, fluconazole, etc.), strong CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampicin, efavirenz, etc.), or other drugs that may influence the plasma concentration of these two agents. 3. Pregnant or lactating women. 4. Major surgery within 4 weeks prior to the start of study drug administration, with incomplete recovery. Minor procedures such as tumor biopsy, thoracentesis, or venous catheter placement are permitted. 5. Presence of severe systemic diseases and/or uncontrolled infections. 6. Concurrent conditions considered by the investigator to pose a serious risk to patient safety or interfere with the patient's ability to complete the study (e.g., severe hypertension, diabetes, thyroid disorders, concurrent hepatitis B/C, or other active infections). 7. History of other malignancies. 8. Psychiatric illness, cognitive impairment, or inability to comply with the trial protocol and follow-up. 9. Other conditions deemed by the investigator to render the participant unsuitable for inclusion.