Inflammation may hijack the Brain's reward system in depressed women
NCT ID NCT03848715
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This study looked at how inflammation affects the brain's reward system in 40 younger women with depression. Participants received either an endotoxin (to trigger temporary inflammation) or a placebo, and researchers measured changes in how they responded to rewards like money or smiling faces. The goal was to better understand the link between inflammation and depression, which could help identify new ways to intervene.
What this could mean
Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.
- Active substance
- Endotoxin
- What this could lead to
- If successful, this research could point toward new ways to prevent or treat depression by targeting inflammation-related reward system changes.
- What could go wrong
- This is a small, early-phase study (40 participants) focused on understanding mechanisms, not testing a treatment. Results may not lead directly to therapies.
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Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
-
Phase 1
The first testing in people. Mainly checks safety and dose, usually in a small group.
- Participants
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40 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Oct 2019
- Finished
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Jul 2024
- Lead sponsor
-
Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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25 to 44 years
- Sex
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Female participants only
- Healthy volunteers
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Accepted
You do not need to have the condition being studied to take part.
Show the full entry requirements Hide the full entry requirements
Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * Participants will be required to be in good general health (as evaluated during the phone and in-person baseline session) * Participants will be biologically female and premenopausal (as evaluated by self report). * Participants will 25-44 years of age. Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of chronic mental or physical illness * History of allergies, autoimmune, liver, or other severe chronic diseases, * Current and regular use of prescription medications such as steroids, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, immune modifying drugs, opioid analgesics, statins, antihypertensive drugs, anti-arrhythmic drugs, and antidepressant medications (none in the last 6 months). * Nightshift work or time zone shifts (\> 3hrs) within the previous 6 weeks * Previous history of fainting during blood draws. * Presence of co-morbid medical conditions not limited to but including cardiovascular (e.g., history of acute coronary event, stroke) and neurological diseases (e.g., Parkinson's disease), as well as pain disorders; * Presence of comorbid inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or other autoimmune disorders; * Presence of an uncontrolled medical condition that is deemed by the investigators to interfere with the proposed study procedures, or to put the study participant at undue risk; * Presence of chronic infection, which may elevate proinflammatory cytokines; * Presence of an acute infectious illness in the two weeks prior to an experimental session. * Current Axis I psychiatric disorders as determined by the Research Version of the Structured Clinical Interview including a current major depressive disorder and substance dependence * Lifetime history of suicide attempt or inpatient psychiatric admission. * Current history of sleep apnea or nocturnal myoclonus; Phase-shift disorder, which will be identified by the Structured Clinical Interview and the Duke Structured Interview for Sleep Disorders * Current smoking or excessive caffeine use (\>600 mg/day) because of the known effects on proinflammatory cytokine levels; * Evidence of recreational drug use from urine test. * Body mass index \> 35 because of the effects of obesity on proinflammatory cytokine activity * Any clinically significant abnormality on screening laboratory tests * Clinically significant abnormalities in electrocardiogram
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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Norman Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
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