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Surgery or exercise? new study pits shoulder replacement against a 12-Week workout plan

NCT ID NCT04845074

Disease control Sponsor: University of Aarhus Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed This study
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jul 02, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This study compares two treatments for severe shoulder arthritis: total shoulder replacement surgery followed by rehab, versus a 12-week exercise program with a physiotherapist. Researchers want to see if surgery leads to better pain relief and function than exercise alone. The trial involves 102 adults aged 55-85 who are eligible for shoulder replacement.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Shoulder replacement surgery or a 12-week exercise program
What this could lead to
If successful, this could show that a structured exercise program is as effective as surgery for some people with shoulder osteoarthritis, potentially avoiding the need for an operation.
What could go wrong
This is a relatively small trial (102 participants) and results may not apply to everyone. The exercise program requires commitment, and surgery carries standard risks like infection or complications.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Not a phased trial

Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.

Participants

102 people

The number who actually took part.

Started

Jun 2021

Finished

May 2026

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

55 to 85 years

Sex

Anyone

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients ≥55-85 years * Moderate-severe primary OA of the glenohumeral joint according to Samilson and Prieto, by measuring the lower osteophyte (32) * Eligible for surgery with standard TSA Exclusion Criteria: * Surgical need for bonegraft * Previous shoulder fracture (fracture of the proximal humerus or glenoid fracture) * Planned other upper extremity surgery within six months * Rheumatoid arthritis or other types of arthritis not diagnosed as primary glenohumeral OA * Cancer diagnosis and receiving chemo-, immuno- or radiotherapy * Neurological diseases affecting shoulder mobility (e.g. disability after previous stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's disease) * Other reasons for exclusion (i.e. mentally unable to participate) or planned absence for more than 14 days in the first 3 months after baseline test. * Unable to communicate in the participating countries respective languages

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

osteoarthritis

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Glenohumeral osteoarthritis

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Aalborg University Hospital

    Farsø, 9640, Denmark

  • Aarhus University Hospital

    Aarhus, 8200, Denmark

  • Esbjerg Hospital

    Esbjerg, 6700, Denmark

  • Oslo University Hospital

    Oslo, 4956, Norway

  • Silkeborg Regional Hospital

    Silkeborg, 8600, Denmark

  • Tampere University Hospital

    Tampere, 33521, Finland

  • Viborg Regional Hospital

    Viborg, 8800, Denmark

More trials for these conditions

Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.