Nasal spray vaccine shows promise against common childhood virus

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria for Seropositive Children: * Healthy children at least 12 but less than 60 months of age, whose parent/guardian understands and signs the study informed consent and who agrees to vaccine administration following a detailed explanation of the study * Seropositive for RSV as defined by serum RSV neutralizing antibody titer equal to or greater than 1:40. If a child at least 12 but less than 60 months of age is determined to be RSV seropositive prior to Day 56, s/he does not need an additional screening serum specimen, but a pre-inoculation serum specimen must be obtained. * Participant's history has been reviewed and participant has undergone a physical examination indicating that s/he is in good health * Participant is expected to be available for the duration of the study Exclusion Criteria for Seropositive Children: * Known or suspected impairment of immunological functions, including maternal history of positive HIV test, receiving immunosuppressive therapy including systemic corticosteroids, or bone marrow/solid organ transplant recipients (topical steroids, topical antibiotics, and topical antifungal medications are acceptable) * Major congenital malformations, including congenital cleft palate, cytogenetic abnormalities, or serious chronic disorders * Previous immunization with an RSV vaccine or previous receipt of or planned administration of any anti-RSV antibody product. * Previous serious vaccine-associated AE or anaphylactic reaction * Known hypersensitivity to any vaccine component * Lung or heart disease, including any wheezing event or reactive airway disease. Participants with clinically insignificant cardiac abnormalities requiring no treatment may be enrolled. Participants who had one episode of wheezing or received bronchodilator therapy for a single episode of illness in the first year of life but who have not had any additional wheezing episodes or bronchodilator therapy for at least 12 months may also be enrolled. * Member of a household that includes an immunocompromised individual or infants less than 6 months of age, other than a study participant * Attends day care with infants less than 6 months of age, and whose parent/guardian is unable or unwilling to suspend daycare for 14 days following immunization. Note: children who attend facilities that separate children by age and minimize opportunities for transmission of virus through direct physical or aerosol contact are acceptable. Inclusion Criteria for Seronegative Infants and Children: * Healthy children at least 6 but less than 25 months of age whose parents/guardians can understand and sign the informed consent and who agree to vaccine administration following detailed explanation of the study * Seronegative for RSV antibody, defined as a serum RSV neutralizing antibody titer less than 1:40 as determined not more than 42 days prior to inoculation * Participant's history has been reviewed and participant has undergone a physical examination indicating that s/he is in good health. Permitted concomitant medications include nutritional supplements, medications for gastroesophageal reflux, eye drops, and topical medications, including topical steroids, topical antibiotics, and topical antifungal agents. * Participant is expected to be available for the duration of the study Exclusion Criteria for Seronegative Infants and Children: * Known or suspected impairment of immunological functions, including maternal history of positive HIV test, receiving immunosuppressive therapy including systemic corticosteroids, or bone marrow/solid organ transplant recipients * Major congenital malformations including congenital cleft palate, cytogenetic abnormalities, or serious chronic disorders * Previous immunization with an RSV vaccine or previous receipt of or planned administration of any anti-RSV antibody product. * Previous serious vaccine-associated AE or anaphylactic reaction * Known hypersensitivity to any vaccine component * Lung or heart disease, including any wheezing event or reactive airway disease. Participants with clinically insignificant cardiac abnormalities requiring no treatment may be enrolled. Participants who had one episode of wheezing or received bronchodilator therapy for a single episode of illness in the first year of life but who have not had any additional wheezing episodes or bronchodilator therapy for at least 12 months may also be enrolled. * Member of a household that includes an immunocompromised individual or infants less than 6 months of age * Attends daycare with infants less than 6 months of age, and whose parent/guardian is unable or unwilling to suspend daycare for 14 days following immunization. Children who attend facilities that separate children by age and minimize opportunities for transmission of virus through direct physical or aerosol contact are acceptable. Inclusion Criteria for Infants (Group 4): * Healthy infants 4 to 6 months of age whose parents/guardians can understand and sign the informed consent and who agree to vaccine administration following detailed explanation of the study. * Subject's history has been reviewed and subject has undergone a physical examination indicating that s/he is in good health. Permitted concomitant medications include nutritional supplements, medications for gastroesophageal reflux, eye drops, and topical medications, including topical steroids, topical antibiotics, and topical antifungal agents. * Subject is expected to be available for the duration of the study. Exclusion Criteria for Infants (Group 4): * Known or suspected impairment of immunological functions, including maternal history of positive HIV test, receiving immunosuppressive therapy including systemic corticosteroids or bone marrow/solid organ transplant recipients. * Major congenital malformations including congenital cleft palate, cytogenetic abnormalities, or serious chronic disorders. * Previous immunization with an RSV vaccine or previous receipt of or planned administration of any anti-RSV antibody product. * Previous serious vaccine-associated AE or anaphylactic reaction. * Known hypersensitivity to any vaccine component. * Lung or heart disease, including any wheezing event or reactive airway disease. Subjects with clinically insignificant cardiac abnormalities requiring no treatment may be enrolled. * Member of a household that includes an immunocompromised individual or infants less than 4 months of age. * Attends daycare with infants less than 4 months of age, and whose parent/guardian is unable or unwilling to suspend daycare for 14 days following immunization. Children who attend facilities that separate children by age and minimize opportunities for transmission of virus through direct physical or aerosol contact are acceptable. Temporary Exclusion Criteria for Seropositive Children, Seronegative Children, and Infants: The following are temporary or self-limiting conditions, and once resolved, the subject may be enrolled, if otherwise eligible. If the period of temporary exclusion is greater than 42 days, seronegative children will need to be rescreened for levels of RSV neutralizing antibody. * Fever (rectal temperature of greater than or equal to 100.4°F \[38°C\]), or upper respiratory illness (rhinorrhea, cough, or pharyngitis) or nasal congestion significant enough to interfere with successful vaccination, or otitis media * Subject has received any killed vaccine or live attenuated rotavirus vaccine within 14 days prior to inoculation, any other live vaccine within 28 days prior to inoculation, or gamma globulin (or other antibody products) within the past 3 months prior to inoculation. * Receipt of another investigational vaccine or investigational drug 28 days prior to receiving this investigational RSV vaccine * Has received antibiotics or systemic or nasal steroid therapy for acute illness within the previous 3 days prior to vaccination (steroid skin creams or lotions and topical antibiotics or antifungal preparations are permitted) * Has received salicylate (aspirin) or salicylate-containing products within 28 days prior to inoculation * Children born at less than 37 weeks gestation and less than 1 year of age Inclusion Criteria for Second Year of RSV Surveillance * Those children who have completed the initial study and whose parents/guardians can understand and sign the informed consent. * Subject is expected to be available during the second year of RSV surveillance. Exclusion Criteria for Second Year of RSV Surveillance * Currently enrolled in another RSV study.