Asking differently may change who signs up for PAD exercise study
NCT ID NCT04536038
First seen Jun 27, 2026 · Last updated Jun 27, 2026
Summary
This study looked at whether asking people to "opt in" or "opt out" of a clinical trial changes how many people with peripheral artery disease (PAD) actually join. Over 5,000 adults with PAD were contacted by email. The goal was to see which approach leads to more enrollment and whether it changes the types of people who sign up. No treatment was tested—only the way the invitation was worded.
This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.
Study facts
What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.
- Phase
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Not a phased trial
Phase numbers describe drug development. The registry uses this when they do not apply, as it does for trials of devices, procedures or behaviour changes, and for observational studies.
- Participants
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5,176 people
The number who actually took part.
- Started
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Oct 2020
- Finished
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Jan 2024
- Lead sponsor
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Other sponsor
The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.
Who can take part
This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.
- Ages
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18 years and older
- Sex
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Anyone
- Healthy volunteers
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Not accepted
This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.
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Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.
Inclusion Criteria: * At least 18 years of age * Have been seen in the University of Pennsylvania Health System * Have an ICD-10 code consistent with peripheral artery disease (I70.2x, I70.3x-I70.7x, I73.9) or peripheral artery disease on their problem list * Have an email address on file with the University of Pennsylvania Health System Exclusion Criteria: * Previously indicated unwillingness to be contacted by email for participation in research studies
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Conditions
The condition(s) this trial relates to.
As listed by the trial registrant
The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.
Contacts and locations
Locations
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University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
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Other studies related to the condition(s) this trial covers.
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