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Could some breast cancer patients avoid surgery? new trial explores the possibility

NCT ID NCT06938724

Disease control Sponsor: Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano Source: ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

What the study statuses mean

This study's is highlighted.

Recruitment status, easiest to join first

Recruiting now This study
This trial is taking on new participants right now.
Not yet recruiting
Registered, but not yet taking participants.
By invitation only
Not open to general applications. Only people the study team invites can take part.
Paused
Paused for now. It may or may not start again.
Ongoing
Running, but no longer taking on new participants.
Completed
The trial has finished. Results may not be published yet.
Stopped early
Stopped early, before it reached the end. That can be for many reasons, including safety.
Cancelled
Cancelled before anyone took part.

Expanded access (not trials)

Expanded access
Not a trial. This treatment can be requested outside a study, case by case, for people who qualify.
Expanded access (paused)
Not a trial. The treatment can normally be requested outside a study, but is unavailable right now.
Expanded access (ended)
Not a trial. The treatment could once be requested outside a study, but no longer can.
Approved
The treatment has been approved, so it is available normally rather than through this programme.

When the status isn't known

Details not published
The full record has not been published yet, so there is little to show here.
Status unknown
This status has not been confirmed recently, so it may be out of date.

First seen Jun 25, 2026 · Last updated Jun 26, 2026 · Updated 1 time

Summary

This phase 2 trial is testing whether women with HER2-positive or triple-negative breast cancer who have a complete response to chemotherapy can safely skip surgery or radiation. The study will enroll 152 women and monitor them for cancer recurrence, distant spread, or death. The goal is to see if avoiding these local treatments is as safe as standard care for these highly selected patients.

What this could mean

Our plain-language read of the trial. This is informational only, not medical advice or a prediction.

Active substance
Omission of surgery or radiotherapy
What this could lead to
If successful, this could show that some women with these breast cancer types can avoid surgery or radiation after a complete response to chemotherapy, reducing treatment burden.
What could go wrong
This is a small, early-phase trial with only 152 participants. It is not yet proven that skipping local therapies is safe, and there is a risk of cancer returning without these treatments.

This is an AI summary of the original study and may miss details. Read our disclaimer.

Study facts

What this study's own registry entry says, in plain language.

Phase

Phase 2

Tests whether the treatment actually works, and watches for side effects, in a larger group.

Participants

About 152 people

The number the study aims to enrol. It can still change while the study runs.

Started

Jul 2025

Expected to finish

Jul 2035

An estimate. End dates often move.

Lead sponsor

Other sponsor

The registry's catch-all category, for sponsors it does not file as a company, a government agency, or a research network.

Who can take part

This study's own entry requirements. Only the study team can say for certain whether you qualify.

Ages

18 years and older

Sex

Female participants only

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

This study is not open to healthy volunteers. The entry requirements below say who it is open to.

Show the full entry requirements

Copied word for word from the study's registry entry, so the wording is the study team's rather than ours.

Inclusion Criteria: * Women ≥ 18y. * Initial diagnosis of unifocal HER2-positive (regardless of HR status) or Triple-negative (HR positivity lower than 10% is allowed) T1-2, N0-1, M0 breast cancer. * Treated with neoadjuvant systemic treatment according to the center recommendations. * Maximum responders and/or complete pathological response proved by surgery. * Scheduled for breast conservation. * Giving specific informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * One of the inclusion criteria missed. * Residual ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) at VABB and/or surgery. * Bilateral synchronous breast cancer. * Previous malignancy within 5 years. * BRCA1-2, PALB2 or p53 proven mutation carrier (VUS are exclusion criteria as well). * Patients unable to perform regular follow up.

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Conditions

The condition(s) this trial relates to.

breast cancer HER2 positive breast carcinoma triple-negative breast carcinoma

As listed by the trial registrant

The condition terms exactly as the trial's registrant entered them.

Breast neoplasm malignant female

How to take part

Only the study team decides who joins. These are the ways to reach them.

  1. The places running it

    1 site. The list below names each one and where it is.

  2. The official record

    ClinicalTrials.gov lists the study team's own contact details, including names and phone numbers. We don't republish those.

    Open the record ↗

  3. A doctor treating you

    A doctor who knows your case can contact a study site on your behalf, and can tell you whether this study is worth pursuing at all.

Contacts and locations

Locations

  • Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Milano

    RECRUITING

    Milan, 20133, Italy

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